HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-533 HahalisGeorge A. Hahalis, Esquire
531 Main Street
Suite 201
Bethlehem, PA 18018
Dear Mr. Hahalis:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 27, 1989
89 -533
Re: Public Official /Employee, Solicitor, Partner in Investment with
Head of Township Council
This responds to your letter of March 20, 1989, in which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the State Ethics Act presents any restrictions or
prohibitions upon a township solicitor from entering into an
investment opportunity as a partner with the head of township council.
Facts: After noting that you are the township solicitor, you
indicate that the head of the township council, while vacationing,
came across an investment opportunity which appears to be Timber Ridge
Inc., from the caption of your letter. You then indicate that the
head of council has asked you to participate as a partner with him in
this property which is not located within the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania. You conclude by requesting advice as to whether a
conflict would arise if you would enter into this business arrangement
with him.
Discussion: In the instant matter it is necessary to determine
whether you are a public official or public employee as those terms
are defined under the Ethics Act. See 65 P.S. 5402. In this regard,
the status of the typical part -time county /municipal solicitor was
considered by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court in Ballou v. State Ethics
Commission, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A.2d 186 (1981). Preliminarily, it
should be noted that the Supreme Court only addressed the narrow
question as to whether such part -time local solicitors who were on
retainer with a governmental body were deemed to be "public employees"
as the term is defined under the Ethics Act so as to be required to
file the Statement of Financial Interests. After analogizing the
position of such solicitors to that of a consultant, the Court
concluded that this particular category of solicitor was not a p b1ic
official /employee under the Ethics Act:
George A. Hahalis, Esquire
April 27, 1989
Page 2
"04] Unlike a public employee, a solicitor has no
enforceable right to continue in his position for the tenure
of his appointment. Our cases have held that, as a
consequence of the solicitor's confidential relationship
with the appointing body which he serves, the solicitor is
removable at the will of the appointing power. Even if
appointed for a fixed term and salary, the solicitor has no
contractual right to recover any resulting loss in
compensation. See Snvderwine v. Cralev, Pa. 349, 254 A.2d
16 (1969; Neaf v. Allentown, 424 Pa. 597, 227 A.2d 888
(1967)."
"Further, unlike a public official, the solicitor is
responsible only to the appointing body, and may act only
pursuant to that body's authorization. He owes no independent
duties to the public, and excersises none of the powers of
sovereignty. In speaking of a county solicitor, this Court has
stated:
"No functions of government are delegated to him. Nor can
be lawfully exercise any powers of sovereignty. He serves as
counsel to the commissioners in the discharge of their public
duty just as any privately employed attorney serves his clients.
His duties are to advise the commissioners and to represent the
county in litigation authorized by them or instituted against the
county."
"His duties are important in the sense that the advice and
actions of an attorney always entail grave responsibility; but
they are performed for the board. He has no direct connection
with, or responsibility to, the public; he is entirely
subordinate to the board; they may follow his advice or disregard
it; he cannot control their actions; he cannot perform their
duties; his appointment is for no definite term, and he can be
recalled at any time; he has no grave and important duties
involving a function of government in their performance..."
"Commonwealth ex. rel Foreman v. Hampson, 393 Pa. 467, 473 &
474 -75, 143 A.2d 369 372 -73 (1958), quoting Alworth v. County of
Lackawanna, 85 Pa. Super. 349, 352 (1925). See also, Wiest v.
Northumblerand County, 115 Pa. Super. 577, 176 A. 74 (1935)."
Id. at 134, 135." Id. at 189, 190.
Assuming that your position is in the nature of the typical
part -time solicitor, you as township solicitor would not be considered
a public official /employee under the Ethics Act based upon the holding
in the Ballou, supra, and consequently, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act
would not preclude you from the investment opportunity since the
George A. Hahalis, Esquire
April 27, 1989
Page 3
subsections of Section 3 of the Ethics Act regarding restricted
activities only apply to public officials or employees, with the
exception of 3(b) which applies to all persons:
Section 3(b) of the Ethics Act provides:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business
with which he is associated, and no
public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall
solicit or accept, anything of value,
including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of
future employment based on any
understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgment of the public
official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be
influenced thereby. 65 P.S. §403(b).
It should be specifically noted that the foregoing does :cot
address the question as to whether you are not entitled to enter into
this investment opportunity under the new rules of professional
conduct in that the propriety of your proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act. - ,Similarly, the applicability of any
other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: Assuming your position of township solicitor is in the
nature of the typical part -time solicitor, you are not a public
official /employee as defined under the Ethics Act and consequently
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from entering
into an investment opportunity as a partner with the head of the
township council. However, this advice does not address the propriety
of such arrangement under the new rules of professional conduct since
that does not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Thus, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil or criminal
proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
George A. Hahalis, Esquire
April 27, 1989 .
Page 4
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission
review this Advice. A personal appearance before the Commission will
be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be received at the
Commission within 15 days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent . Dopko,
General Counsel