HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-515 McLaughlinSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
Michael C. McLaughlin, President
Pennsylvania Task Force on
Product Liability
610 N. 3rd Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 14, 1989
89 -515
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Senate, Staff Advisor
to Floor Leader
Dear President McLaughlin:
This responds to your letter of February 7, 1989, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions
upon your potential employment following your termination of
service with the Senate.
Facts: After advising that you left employment with the Senate
Democratic Leader's Office, hereinafter Office, to accept a
position as President of a newly- formed non- profit corporation,
you indicate that the corporation was incorporated to encourage
passage of product liability reform legislation. You state that
upon the retirement of Senator Edward Zemprelli, you tendered
your resignation to Senator Mellow. You indicate that you
continued your employment for a period of time so as to provide
an orderly transition until you left the Senate on January 5,
1989. During your employment with Senator Zemprelli, you note
that you served as his executive assistant wherein you
supervised his capitol employees as well as acted as his liaison
to the public. You conclude by requesting advice as to what
restrictions the Ethics Act would impose upon you following your
termination of service. Since no job description exists for you,
Senator Mellow's office was telephonically contacted wherein Jim
Tanase orally provided the following information concerning your
duties and responsibilities: Staff Advisor to the Democratic
Floor Leader; provides overall direction and supervision to all
of the employees of the Leader's staff which would include giving
Mr. Michael C. McLaughlin
March 14, 1989
Page 2
direction to those departments under the Leader's Office which
would include the research offices and press office; administers
all of the accounts assigned to the Leader's Office; serves as
liaison between Leader's Office and other members of staff of the
Democratic Caucus and occasional contact with committees as to
legislative matters without any primary responsibility.
Discussion: As a Staff Advisor for Senate Democratic Leader's
Office, you are to be considered a "public employee" within the
definition of that term as set forth in the Ethics Act and the
regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code 51.1.
This conclusion is based upon your job description, which when
reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that you have
the power to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to contracting, procurement,
planning, inspecting or other activities where the economic
impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another
person.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act. Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee
shall represent a person, with or without
compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that -
body. 65 P.S. 5403.
Initially, to answer your request the "governmental body"
with which you were associated while working in the Senate must
be identified. Then, the scope of the prohibitions associated
with the concept and term of "representation" must be reviewed.
In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously ruled that
the "governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to
have been associated during his tenure of public office or
employment extends to those entities where he had influence,
responsibility, supervision, or control. See Ewing, Opinion 79-
010. See also Kury v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, State Ethics
Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
Mr. Michael C. McLaughlin
March 14, 1989
Page 3
From the description and analysis of your duties and
responsibilities and based upon the facts outlined above, your
jurisdiction, responsibility, influence and control appears to
have been the Office. Thus, the "governmental body" with which
you have been "associated" upon the termination of your
employment would be the Office. Therefore, within the first year
after you would leave the Senate, Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
would apply and restrict your "representation" of persons or new
employers vis -a -vis the Office.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear
before agencies or entities other than with respect to the
Office. Likewise, there is no general limitation on the type of
employment in which you may engage, following your departure from
the Senate. It is noted, however, that the conflicts of interest
law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally
is that during the term of a person's public employment he must
act consistently with the public trust and upon departure from
the public sector, that individual should not be allowed to
utilize his association with the public sector, officials or
employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association
with his former public employer. See Anderson, Opinion 83 -014;
Zwikl, Opinion 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation"
as follows:
Section 1.1 Definitions,
Representation' = -- Any act on behalf of any
person including but not limited to the
following activities: personal appearances,
negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which
are signed by or contain the name of the
former public official or public employee.
51 Pa. Code S1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the
term "representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act
to prohibit:
Mr. Michael C. McLaughlin
March 14, 1989
Page 4
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or
bodies with which you have been associated, (that is the Office),
including, but not limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on
contracts with the Office;
2. Attempts to influence the Office;
3. Participating in any matters before the Office over
which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility
while employed by the Senate;
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any
person or employer before the Office in relation to legislation,
regulations, etc. See Russell, Opinion 80 -048 and Seltzer,
Opinion 80 -044.
The Commission has also held that preparing and signing a
proposal, document or bid, or listing your name as the person who
will provide technical assistance on such proposal, document, or
bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the Office, constitutes an
attempt to influence your former governmental body. See
Kilareski, Opinion 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year
after you leave the Senate, you should not engage in the type of
activity outlined above. The Commission, however, has stated
that the inclusion of your name as an employee or consultant on a
"pricing proposal," even if submitted to or reviewed by the
Office, is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik,
Opinion 84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents
presented to the Office so long as you are not identified as the
preparer. You may also counsel any person regarding that
person's appearance before the Office. Once again, however, your
activity in this respect should not be revealed to the Office.
Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the
Office to secure information which is available to the general
public. See Cutt, Opinion 79 -023. This, of course, must not be
done in an effort to indirectly influence these entities or to
otherwise make known to the Office your representation of, or
work for your new employer.
- Finally,
administering
renegotiating
by the Ethics
81 -538.
-the _Cem,.:.ic +c;. has concluded that if you are
an existing contract as opposed to negotiating or
a contract, your activities would not be prohibited
Act. See Dalton, Opinion 80 -056 and Beaser, Advice
Mr. Michael C. McLaughlin
March 14, 1989
Page 5
Additionally, it is noted that Section 403(b) of the State
Ethics Act would prohibit any public employee or public official
from accepting a position of employment if said position has
been offered based upon the understanding that the official
conduct of the employee or official, while working for his former
governmental body, was influenced by such offer. See 65 P.S.
S403(b).
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a Staff Advisor, employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. to Upon termination
of your service with the Senate, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should conform to
the requirements of the Ethics Act as outlined above. Your
governmental body for the purpose of the one year representation
restriction is the Office. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as
outlined above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act. also
requires you to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the
year following your termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated b the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
such.
Mr. Michael C. McLaughlin
March 14, 1989
Page 6
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 52.12.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko,
General Counsel