HomeMy WebLinkAbout89-510 BryanMayor James P. Bryan
11 Park Street
North East, PA 16428
Dear Mr. Bryan:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 1, 1989
89 -510
Re: Conflict of Interest, Borough Mayor, Public Official,
Appointment of Mayor's Son as Solicitor
This responds to your letter of January 30, 1989, in which
you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a non compensated borough mayor is a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act and, if so,
what restrictions the Ethics Act imposes upon the mayor
regarding the appointment of his son as solicitor to the borough.
Facts: You state that on January 28, 1989, you were appointed
Mayor of the Borough of North East by the Borough Council after
the prior Mayor had resigned. After noting that your appointment
extends through the period of 1990 at which time a new Mayor will
be elected, you state that no salary, wage or compensation of any
type is paid to the Mayor of North East. Prior to your
appointment, you indicate that you were the Assistant Solicitor
for the Borough of North East but submitted your resignation
which was effective as of the date of your appointment as Mayor.
You then note that your son James S. Bryan is and has been the
Solicitor of the Borough of North East wherein his appointment
was most recently confirmed at the January, 1989 reorganizational
meeting of Borough Council. You advise that the appointment is
at the will of Borough Council and that the salary is in excess
of $500 per year. You state that the next scheduled review of
the appointment of solicitor will be at the January, 1990
reorganizational meeting which will follow the next Mayoral
election. You then conclude by asking four questions under the
Ethics Act:
1. Whether you as an appointed non- compensated Mayor of
North East are a public official under the Ethics Act;
2. Whether the relationship between the Borough and your
son as Solicitor is contractual under Section 3(c) of
the Ethics Act;
3. Whether, if the appointment for Solicitor is subject to
Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act, that Section would be
implicated at the time of review and renewal of the
appointment, and
4. Whether the appointment for the Solicitor in January,
1990 would be subject to Section 3(c) of the Ethics Act
since it would occur after your successor takes the
oath of office as Mayor.
Discussion: As the appointed Mayor of North East, you are a
"public official" ..h t term is defined 'ender the Ethics Act.
65 P.S. 5402; 51 Pa. Code S1.1.
The term public official is defined under the Ethics Act as
follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Public Official." Any elected or appointed
official in the Executive, Legislative or
Judicial Branch of the State or any political
subdivision thereof, provided that it shall
not include members of advisory boards that
have no authority to expend public funds
other than reimbursement for personal
expense, or to otherwise exercise the power
of the State or any political subdivision
thereof. "Public Official" shall not include
any appointed official who receives no
compensation other than reimbursement for
actual expenses. 65 P.S. S402.
You, however, question whether you are a public official in
light of the fact that you are appointed to office and receive no
compensation. In Snyder v. Thornburgh, 469 Pa. 159, 436 A.2d 593
(1981), the Pennsylvania Supreme Court held the definitional
phrase "public official" unconstitutional insofar as it operated
to exempt appointed /non- compensated officials from Ethics Act
coverage. Thus, the Court's decision had the effect of removing
the appointed /non- compensated exclusion from the Ethics Act.
Therefore, you as an appointed non - compensated Borough of North
East are a public official as that term has been interpreted
under decisional law in Pennsylvania. As such, you are subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Act and the restrictions therein
are applicable to you.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office to obtain financial
gain other than compensation provided by law
for himself, a member of his immediate
family, or a business with which he is
associated. 65 P.S. §403(a).
Under Section 3(a) quoted above, the State Ethics Commission
has determined that use of office by a public official /employee
to obtain a financial gain for himself or a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he is associated which
is not provided for in law transgresses the above provision of
law. Thus, use of office by a public official /employee to obtain
a financial gain which is not authorized as part of his
compensation is prohibited by Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon,
Orders No. 128, 129, affirmed McCutcheon v. State Ethics
Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. Ct. 529, 466 A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet,
Order No. 412 -R, affirmed Yacobet v. State Ethics Commission, 109
Pa. Commw. Ct. 432, 531 A.2d 536 (1987). Similarly, Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Act would prohibit a public official /employee from
using public office to advance his own interests; Koslow, Order
458 -R, affirmed Koslow v. State Ethics Commission, Pa. Commw.
Ct. , 540 A.2d 1374 (1988). Likewise, a public
official7employee may not use the status or position of public
office for his own personal advantage; Huff, Opinion 84 -015.
As a public official, you could not use public office or
confidential information to advance the appointment of your son
to the position of borough solicitor. However, if North East
Borough has the practice whereby the Mayor does not vote other
than to break a tie, you would not be using public office because
you would not be participating or voting regarding his
appointment. However, in the event that a tie would occur and
you would be called upon to vote, you would have to recuse
yourself and note that of record since you would have to abstain
regarding the appointment of your son under the Ethics Act. See
Leete, Opinion 82 -005.
As to the three remaining questions that you pose, such
questions may not be addressed in this advice for the following
reason. The authority of the Ethics Commission to issue an
opinion /advice regarding a person's duties under the Ethics Act
is limited by statute, (65 P.S. 407(9)(i) and (ii)), to those
persons who request it relative to their duties. Thus, the
Commission cannot issue an opinion /advice to a third party
concerning the duties of some other person under the Ethics Act.
Since the three questions you pose relate to the actions of
borough council and their conduct regarding the appointment of
your son as solicitor, those questions may not be addressed in
this advice.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act; the applicability of any other
statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do
not involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As the appointed non - compensated Mayor of North
East, your are a public official subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Act. Under the Ethics Act, you may not participate or
vote regarding a matter concerning the appointment of your son as
Solicitor. The foregoing would not appear to have application in
this case since generally the position of Mayor is non - voting.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete
defense in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the
Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other civil
or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the . acts
complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may request that the full
Commission review this Advice. A personal appearance before the
Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion from the
Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code S2.12.
incerely,
Vincent 7. Dopko,
General Counsel