HomeMy WebLinkAbout85-579 WeiserMr. Buster R. Weiser
3938 Stoudt's Ferry Road
Reading, PA 19605
Dear Mr. Weiser:
State Ethics Commission
308 Finance Building
P. 0. Box 11 470
Harrisburg, Pa. 17108--1470
September 9, 1985
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
85 -579
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(e), Real Estate Specialist Supervisor
This responds to your letter of July 26, 1985, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask whether the Ethics Act presents any restrictions upon your
potential employment following your termination of service with the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation.
Facts: On July 24, 1985, you retired from state service. You were employed
by the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation, hereinafter PennDot, as a
Real Estate Specialist Supervisor. In this capacity, you were assigned to
District 5 -0, in Allentown. In your position you were responsible for
supervisory work involving the appraisal and acquisition of real estate
property for public use.
An employee in this class performs advanced technical work and supervises
the securing of legal rights -of -way or acquiring real estate for other public
purposes. In this position you supervised a group of staff appraisers making
appraisals of all types of real estate. Work also involved the supervision of
subordinate appraisers who review the appraisals made by both staff and fee
appraisers. Determinations of compensable elements of damage are normally
made along with before and after values and estimates of damages. Work also
involved performing the most difficult appraisal activities. Work includes:
planning and organizing work, assigned work, determining work flow, reviewing
employee performance interviewing and recommending employee selection,
receiving and answering grievances, and approving leave. Assignments are
received in broad outline and completed work is reviewed by a technical
superior for results obtained and adherence to established policies and
procedures.
Mr. Buster R. Weiser
September 9, 1985
Page 2
We have reviewed both your job description and position
specification and have incorporated these documents herein by reference.
You indicate that you have obtained employment with 0. R. Colan
Associates and will be assisting that firm in securing right -of -ways for
highway construction. You will perform in a capacity that is much like your
former position. You ask what, if any, restrictions are placed upon you under
the State Ethics Act.
Discussion: At the outset, it must be noted that the Ethics Commission may
only address your question within the purview of the Ethics Act. The
Commission may not and will not offer advice with respect to any duties or
obligations that may be imposed by other provisions of law such as the State
Adverse Interest Act or the Governor's Code of Conduct.
As a Real Estate Specialist Supervisor for PennDot, you are to be
considered a "public employee" within the definition of that term as set forth
in the Ethics Act and the regulations of this Commission. 65 P.S. §402; 51
Pa. Code §1.1. This conclusion is based upon your job description, which when
reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that you have the power to
take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to
contracting, procurement, planning, inspecting or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimus on the interests of another person.
See Reese, 84 -523; Smith, 85 -015; Murphy, No. 309.
Consequently, upon termination of this employment, you would become a
"former public employee" subject to Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act. Section
3(e) of the Ethics Act provides that:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403.
Initially, to answer your request we must identify the "governmental
body" with which you were associated while working with PennDot. Then, we
must review the scope of the prohibitions associated with the concept and term
of "representation ". In this context, the Ethics Commission has previously
ruled that the "governmental body" with which an individual may be deemed to
have been associated during his tenure of public office or employment extends
to those entities where he had influence, responsibility, supervision, or
control. See Ewing, 79 -010. See also Kury vs. Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania, State Ethics Commission, 435 A.2d 940 (1981).
Mr. Buster R. Weiser
September 9, 1985
Page 3
From the description and analysis of your duties and responsibilities and
based upon the facts outlined above, your jurisdiction, responsibility,
influence and control appears to have been exercised within District 5 -0,
hereinafter the District. This is so based upon your job description and
classification specification which indicate that you had no responsibilities
outside of the District. Thus, the "governmental body" with which you have
been "associated" upon the termination of your employment would be the
District. Therefore, within the first year after you would leave PennDot,
Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict your "representation"
of persons or new employers vis -a -vis the District.
The Ethics Act would not affect your ability to appear before agencies or
entities other than with respect to the District. Likewise, there is no
general limitation on the type of employment in which you may engage,
following your departure from PennDot. We do note, however, that the
conflicts of interest law is primarily concerned with financial conflicts and
violations of the public trust. The intent of the law generally is that
during the term of a person's public employment he must act consistently with
the public trust and upon departure from the public sector, that individual
should not be allowed to utilize his association with the public sector,
officials or employees to secure for himself or a new employer, treatment or
benefits that may be obtainable only because of his association with his
former public employer. See Anderson, 83 -014; Zwikl, 85 -004.
In respect to the one year representation restriction the Ethics
Commission has promulgated regulations to define "representation" as follows:
Section 1.1. Definitions.
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
The Commission, in its opinions, has also interpreted the term
"representation" as used in Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act to prohibit:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body or bodies with
which you have been associated, (that is the District, including, but not
limited to, negotiations or renegotiations on contracts with the District;
2. Attempts to influence the District;
3. Participating in any matters before the District over which you had
supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while employed by PennDot;
Mr. Buster R. Weiser
September 9, 1985
Page 4
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or
employer before the District in relation to legislation, regulations, etc.
See Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer, 80 -044.
The Commission, has also held that preparing and signing a proposal,
document or bid, or listing your name as the person who will provide technical
assistance on such proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by
the District, constitutes an attempt to influence your former governmental
body. See K•ilareski, 80 -054. Therefore, within the first year after you
lea PeranDot, you should not engage in the type of activity outlined above.
The Commission, however, has stated that the inclusion of your name as an
employee or consultant on a "pricing proposal," even if submitted to or
reviewed by the District, is not prohibited as "representation." See Kotalik,
84 -007.
You may, assist in the preparation of any documents presented to the
District so long as you are not identified as the preparer. You may also
counsel any person regarding that person's appearance before the District.
Once again, however, your activity in this respect should not be revealed to
the District. Of course, any ban under the Ethics Act would not prohibit or
preclude you from making general informational inquiries of the District to
secure information which is available to the general public. See Cutt,
79-02% This, of course, must not be done in an effort to indirectlyy
influernce these entities or to otherwise make known to the District your
representation of, or work for your new employer.
Finally, the Commission has concluded that if you are administering an
existing contract as opposed to negotiating or renegotiating a contract, your
activities would not be prohibited by the Ethics Act. See Dalton, 80 -056 and
Beaser, 81 -538.
Conclusion: As a Real Estate Specialist Supervisor, you are to be considered
a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act. Upon termination of your
service with the Department of Transportation, you would become a "former
public employee" subject to the restrictions imposed by Section 3(e) of the
Ethics Act. As such, your conduct should conform to the requirements of the
Ethics Act as outlined above. Your governmental body for the purpose of the
one year representation restriction is District 5 -0, Service Division (Right
of Way).
Further, should you terminate your employment or service, as outlined
above, you are reminded that the Ethics Act also requires you to file a
Statement of Financial interests for the year following your termination of
service.
Mr. Buster R. Weiser
September 9, 1985
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this Advice. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal
Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must be made, in
writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
JJC /sfb
Sincerely,
ohn J. •ntino
Gene : Counsel