HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-569 GreenblatMr. Jack I. Greenblat
Baral Investment Company
2911 Allen Street
Allentown, PA 18104
Dear Mr. Greenblat:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PA 17120
TELEPHONE: (717) 783 -1610
May 25, 1984
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
RE: Turnpike Commission, Representation, Section 3(e)
84 -569
This responds to your letter of May 24, 1984, in which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: You ask what restrictions the Ethics Act places upon your activities
as the former Chairman of the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, hereinafter
the Commission.
Facts: You indicate that you left your position as Chairman of the Commission
as of March 29, 1984. You have been asked to contract with a firm located in
Connecticut known as ALTA Technology Incorporated, hereinafter ALTA. You have
provided us with a copy of a proposed and as yet unsigned retainer contract
for your services as a consultant with ALTA. This contract, as proposed,
would commence as of April 15, 1984, and remain in effect for one year. Under
this contract you would operate as a consultant for ALTA with respect to its
automated fare collection systems. In particular, the contract calls for you
to provide consulting services to ALTA to assist them in informing potential
users about ALTA's automated fare collection systems and equipment.
However, both you and ALTA are aware of the applicability of the State
Ethics Act to this situation. In fact, the consulting contract details your
agreement to submit this contract to the State Ethics Commission for the
issuance of advice or opinion with respect to your acceptance of this retainer
and your performance of services under the retainer. Each of the parties to
this agreement are concerned that full compliance with the State Ethics Act
occurs. The retainer agreement indicates that you "shall undertake no duties
nor perform any services as our (ALTA's) consultant prohibited by the Ethics
Act" and that in this regard for not less than "a year and a day after the
date of termination of your association with the Pennsylvania Turnpike
Commission, you shall not represent ALTA on any matter before the Commission."
Mr. Jack I. Greenblat
May 25, 1984
Page 2
In addition to the above information, you also indicate that ALTA signed
a contract over two years ago with the Commission to provide the Commission
with a completely new toll collection system. The decision to undertake this
contract with ALTA was made at a properly constituted public meeting and was
unanimously approved by the Commission. However, you indicate that prior to
the date of the Commission's meeting /approval of this contract you had never
spoken to or engaged in any negotiations with any individual representative of
ALTA. ALTA was hired upon the recommendation of a three - tiered committee set
up by the Executive Director of the Commission. This contract was approved
following a request for proposals to which ALTA responded. You have indicated
that the chief engineer of the Commission, who headed the committee, is
available to prepare a summary of how this company was selected, if necessary.
Your letter of request also indicates that you are interested in
accepting the offer of retainer for the consultant services outlined above
from ALTA as soon as possible. You indicate that as a result of your service
with the Commonwealth, which began in 1970, you have acquired and maintained a
reputation for expertise in the area of operating toll roads systems. You
wish to be able to use this knowledge and expertise as a consultant and in
particular as a consultant with ALTA. You do not, however, wish to undertake
this retainer or contract without seeking and securing an opinion that will
indicate that your performance of such services, under the terms and
conditions outlined above and as are outlined in your agreement with ALTA,
would be in compliance with the State Ethics Act.
Discussion: During your tenure with the Commission you were a "public
official" as defined in the State Ethics Act. See 65 P.S. 402. Therefore,
upon termination of such service with the Commission, you became a "former
public official" as of March 29, 1984. As a "former public official" your
conduct must conform to the requirements of Section 3(e) of the State Ethics
Act as cet forth below:
(e) No former official or public employee shall represent
a person, with or without compensation, on any matter
before the governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
65 P.S. 403(e).
As a former public official, you must, for the first calendar year
following your termination of employment with the Commission refrain from
"representation" as the State Ethics Commission has defined that term in its
opinions and regulations vis -a -vis any governmental body with which you may
have been "associated" while serving with the Commission. We must, therefore,
review your request by asking the questions:
Mr. Jack I. Greenblat
May 25, 1984
Page 3
1. What is the scope of the term and activity know as "representation "?
2. To which governmental bodies or body do the restrictions and
prohibitions against representation extend in your case?
We will answer this latter question first. It is clear that your
capacity as Chairman indicates that you were "associated with" the entire
Turnpike Commission. Therefore, any restrictions and prohibitions which are
discussed further below extend to the Turnpike Commission as a whole.
In response to the first question, we note that the regulations of the
Ethics Commission provide that the term "representation" includes the
following activities:
Representation - -- Any act on behalf of any person
including but not limited to the following activities:
personal appearances, negotiating contracts, lobbying, and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by
or contain the name of the former public official or
public employe. 51 Pa. Code 1.1.
Further, the Ethics Commission has determined that the prohibited
activity described as "representation" which you must avoid with respect to
the Commission for the one year period set forth in Section 3(e) applies to
such activities as:
1. Personal appearances before the governmental body, in this case the
Turnpike Commission, with which you were associated, including but not
limited to negotiation or re- negotiation on contracts with the Commission;
2. Attempts to influence the Commission;
3. Participation in any manner before the Commission in a case or matter
over which you had supervision, direct involvement, or responsibility while
employed by the Commission; and
4. Lobbying, that is representing the interests of any person or client
before the Commission with respect to legislation, regulations, etc. See
Russell, 80 -048 and Seltzer 80 -044.
Mr. Jack I. Greenblat
May 25, 1984
Page 4
It should be noted that the mere act of having your name appear on a
submission on behalf of a client made to the Commission is considered to be
within the scope of prohibited activity under Section 3(e) of the Act. See
Kilareski, 80 -054. This is because the inclusion of your name as preparer or
technical advisor on such a proposal to be submitted to or reviewed by the
Commission has the potential for influencing the decision of the Commission
and, therefore, must be prohibited for the one year period following your
termination of service with the Commission.
Given the terms and conditions or your contract with ALTA, however, as
set forth above, it is clear that you do not intend to nor will you be
required to undertake any duties or perform any services for ALTA with respect
to the Commission. This course of conduct and the terms of the contract will
insure compliance with Section 3(e) of the Ethics Act.
The restrictions outlined above are general ones and must be applied for
the one year following your termination of services with the Commission, even
though you indicate that you do not intend to undertake any representation of
ALTA vis -a -vis the Commission. Notwithstanding these restrictions, the
decisions of the Ethics Commission indicate that even within the first year
period you may engage, without restriction under the Ethics Act, in the
following activities:
1. You may administer rather than negotiate or renegotiate any contract
that exists or is to be awarded to you or your future employer or client so
long as the contract was entered into without the inclusion of your name as
noted above;
2. You may make general informational inquiries of your former
governmental body (the Commission) so long as no attempt is made to influence
the Commission as prohibited above;
3. You may utilize the knowledge and expertise gained during your tenure
as a public official so long as you do not use any confidential information
gained during that time;
4. You may appear and represent any person on behalf of any client or
new employer before any governmental body other than the Commission.
Thus, it is clear that you may accept this position and if your conduct
conforms to the above presentation and discussion and the terms of the
contract with ALTA, you may utilize the knowledge and expertise which you have
acquired as Chairman of the Commission without fear of violating Section 3(e)
of the State Ethics Act.
Mr. Jack I. Greenblat
May 25, 1984
Page 5
Conclusion: Upon your termination of service with the Commission you became a
"former public official" subject to the restrictions imposed by the State
Ethics Act in Section 3(e) thereof. Your conduct as a "former public
official" must conform to the requirements of the State Ethics Act as
described in this Advice and you should take note of both the prohibited and
allowable activities.
Additionally, as a former public official you must file a Statement of
Financial Interests for each year that you held public office and for the year
following your termination of such service. Thus, a Statement of Financial
Interests should be filed no later than May 1, 1985, which represents the
filing required for the year following your termination of service. This
financial disclosure will record information for the calendar year 1984.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(ii), this Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may request that the full Commission review this
Advice. A personal appearance before the full Commission will be scheduled
and a formal Opinion from the Commission will be issued. Any such appeal must
be made, in writing, to the Commission within 15 days of service of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 2.12.
SSC /na
Sincerely,
andra S. Chr'stianson
General Counsel