HomeMy WebLinkAbout16-005 KlemickSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Nicholas A. Colafella, Chair
Mark R. Corrigan, Vice Chair
Roger Nick
Melanie DePalma
DATE DECIDED: 10/20/16
DATE MAILED: 10/26/16
16 -005
To the RequesterlAppellant:
Joel Klemick, Highway Design Supervisor
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
Dear Mr. Klemick:
This Opinion is issued in response to the appeal of Advice of Counsel 16 -544, which
was issued on July 21, 2016.
1. ISSUE:
Whether a Highway Design Supervisor with the Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation ( "PennDOT ") under job code 10330 would be considered a "public
employee" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act'), 65 Pa.C.S.
§ 1101 et sec, ., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 11.1 et
sew., and would therefore be subject to the requirements for filing Statements of inancial
Interests.
11. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
By letter dated August 15, 2016, you appealed Advice of Counsel 16 -544, which
was issued on July 21, 2016.
Your initial advisory request presented facts that were summarized in the Advice of
Counsel as follows:
You seek a determination as to whether, in your
capacity as a Highway Design Supervisor with PennDOT under
Eab code 10330, you are a "public employee" subject to the
thics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
P.O. BOX 11470, HARRISBURG, PA 17 108-1470 . 717- 783 -1610 • 1 -800- 932 -0936 o www.ethics.state.pa.us
Klemick, 16 -005
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You specifically question whether you are required to file
Statements of Financial Interests ( "SFIs ").
You have submitted a copy of your official
Commonwealth position description, and the job classification
specifications for the position of Highway Design Supervisor,
job code '10330, have been obtained, bath of which documents
are incorporated herein by reference.
Per your official Commonwealth position description,
you function as a Roadway Design Squad Leader, and you
supervise the work of highway designers, , technicians,
draftsman designers, draftsmen, and engineers in the design
of highway projects. Your job duties and responsibilities
include:
• Ensuring that all Joint Permit and Individual NPDES
Permit applications are administratively complete and
submitted seven months before the scheduled letting
date;
• Controlling costs within programmed amounts on all
projects;
• Including specific training objectives on all directly
assigned employees' EPRs;
• Training draftsmen, technicians, and lower level
designers in highway design skills, plans presentation,
and PennDOT policy and procedures;
• Maintaining Open Plan or ASTA schedules as the lead
project manager on projects;
• Attending Scoping Field View (or sending a
representative) as the lead project manager on protects
and providing a Scoping Form with project information
and proposed design criteria;
• Holding a formal constructability review on all projects
at the approximately 50% and 80% plan complete
stage;
Monitoring project budgets and providing required
changes for all protects as necessary to the District
Plans Engineer;
• Coordinating and monitoring desiggn development and
costs and working with other units to ensure that project
development proceeds smoothly, all appropriate factors
are included, and scheduled letting dates are met;
• Preparing all submissions to the central office, including
federal and state documentation, and obtaining project -
related approvals in conjunction with other project
managers;
• Preparing contract special provisions;
• Supervising the work of highway designers, technicians,
draftsman designers, draftsmen, and engineers in the
design of highway projects;
• Planning, directing and exercising responsibility for all
squad activities including performing basic highway
design studies, preliminary designs on complete
projects, and preparing complete final design, right -of-
way, and construction plans for highway betterment,
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improvement, and new construction projects ranging
from the simplest to the very complex;
• Actinq as protect manager for assigned projects and
ensuring that projects are developed on the established
schedule and that ECMS is utilized during the design
process;
• Responding to inquiries and complaints and resolving
highway design related problems that develop during
construction;
• Interpreting and verifying that designs conform to
PennDOT policy, design guidelines, standards,
specifications, and Federal Highway Administration
requirements; and
• Conducting and participating in field views as necessary
to evaluate existing field conditions and terrain and their
potential impacts and effects on the highway design
project.
Position Description, at 1 -3.
Per the job classification specifications under Job code
10330, a Highway Design Supervisor performs professional
supervisory work in designing highway projects, with specific
examples of such work including the following:
• Supervises the work of Highway Designers in designing
less complex highway projects or phases of complex
projects;
• Supervises employees engaged in determining
quantities, costs, and placement of materials on
proposed projects;
• Trains and supervises Highway Design Technicians and
Highway Designers;
• Supervises an engineering district's project proposal
and estimate preparation function to include special
provisions and indicating specifications, quantities, and
descriptive material as indicated in related
specifications,
• Reviews complete sets of design plans prepared by
consultants for technical standards and adherence to
applicable specifications;
• Initiates corrective disciplinary action for minor
misconduct by employees and recommends major
corrective disciplinary actions or dismissals;
• Interprets contractual and administrative rights and
obligations for employees and modifies work
environment or process to conform to changing
conditions;
• Receives grievances and complaints, conducts initial
investigation into causes and conditions, discusses with
employee, and resolves or recommends resolution of
grievance or complaint;
•
Prepares employee performance evaluation reports,
and
• Approves leave, schedules personnel, and authorizes
or assigns overtime.
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Job Classification Specifications, at 1 -2.
You assert that you are not responsible for taking or
recommending official action of a non - ministerial nature that
would bring you within the definition of "public employee" as
set forth in the Ethics Act. You state that you have no authority
to recommend or execute any action in a way to gin
personally from your Commonwealth position. You further
state that you were not advised through the job posting. or
interview process for your position as a Highway Design
Supervisor that you would be required to file an SFI.
Klemick, Advice of Counsel 16 -544, at 1 -3
Advice of Counsel 16 -544 determined that in your capacity as a Highway Design
Supervisor with PennDOT under job code 10330, you are a "public employee" subject to
the Ethics Act and the Regulations of this Commission, and in particular, the requirements
for filing Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act. The Advice
determined that you have the ability to take or recommend official action of a nonministerial
nature that would satisfy, subparagraph (5) within the statutory definition of "public
employee" (pertaining to "any other activity where the official action has an economic
impact of greater than a de minimis nature on the interests of any person" (65 Pa.C.S. §
1102)), as well as the criteria set forth in this Commission's Regulations for determining,
status as a public employee, specifically at 51 Pa. Code §'11.1, "public employee,'
subparagraphs (i) and (ii).
The Advice specifically noted your authority to: control costs within programmed
amounts on all projects; act as the project manager on projects; monitor project budgets
and provide required changes for all projects as necessary to the District Plans Engineer;
coordinate and monitor design development and costs; prepare contract special provisions;
supervise the work of highway designers, technicians, draftsman designers, draftsmen,
and engineers in the design of highway projects; plan, direct and exercise responsibility for
all squad activities including performing basic highway design studies, preliminary designs
on complete projects, and preparing complete final design, right -of -way, and construction
plans for highway betterment, improvement, and new construction projects ran ing from
the simplest to the very complex; resolve highway design related problems thaYdevelop
during construction; interpret and verify that designs conform to PennDOT policy, design
guidelines, standards, specifications, and Federal Highway Administration requirements;
supervise the work of Highway Designers in designing less complex highway projects or
phases of complex projects; supervise employees engaged in determining quantities,
costs, and placement of materials on proposed projects; supervise an engineering district's
project proposal and estimate preparation function; review complete sets of design plans
prepared by consultants for technical standards and adherence to applicable
specifications; initiate corrective disciplinary action for minor misconduct by employees and
recommend major corrective disciplinary actions or dismissals; interpret contractual and
administrative rights and obligations for employees; receive grievances and complaints,
conduct initial investigation into causes and conditions, and resolve or recommend
resolution of grievance or complaint; prepare employee performance evaluation reports;
and approve leave, schedule personnel, and authorize or assign overtime.
By letter dated August 15, 2016, you appealed Advice of Counsel 16 -544. Your
appeal letter did not state any particular basis for the appeal, but merely exercised the right
to appeal the Advice of Counsel.
The position description and the Job classification specifications for the aforesaid
position (job code 10330) are incorporated herein by reference.
By letter dated September 19, 2016, you were notified of the date, time and location
Klemick, 16 -005
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of the public meeting at which your request would be considered.
III. DISCUSSION:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107 (10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics Act,
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based upon the facts
that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts that the
requester has submitted, this Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been submitted. It
is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts relevant to the
inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the
requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Our review of this matter is de novo (Clarke, Opinion 04.012; SSea�r, Opinion 04-
011): "De novo review entails, as the term suggests, full consideration of the case anew.
The reviewing body is in effect substituted for the prior decision maker and redecides the
case." D'Arci rete v. D'Arci rete, 323 Pa. Super. 430, 470 A.2d 995 (1984) (citations
omitte See a so, a es v. Donohue Desiciner Kitchen Inc., 2003 Pa. Super. 84, 818
A.2d 1287 2003; Commonwea th v. Krut, 311 Pa. Super. 64, 457 A.2d 114 (1983); In re
Audit of School District, 354 Pa. 232, 47 A,2d 292 (1946).
We shall begin our analysis by noting the established principle that the Ethics Act,
as remedial legislation, is to be liberally construed. Maunus v. State Ethics Commission,
518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324 (1988).
The Ethics Act defines the term "public employee" as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Public employee." Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible for
taking or recommending official action of a nonministerial
nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or auditing any
person; or
(5) any.other activity where the official action has an
economic impact of greater than a de minimis nature on
the interests of any person.
The term shall not include individuals who are employed by
this Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof in
teaching as distinguished from administrative duties.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The Regulations of this Commission similarly define the term "public employee"
and set forth the following additional criteria:
(ii) The following criteria will be used, in part, to
determine whether an individual is within the definition of
"public employe ":
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(A) The individual normally performs his responsibility in
the field without onsite supervision.
(B) The individual is the immediate supervisor of a
person who normally. performs his responsibility in the field
without onsite supervision.
The individual is the supervisor of a highest level
field o ice.
(D) The individual has the authority to make final
decisions.
(E) The individual has the authority to forward or stop
recommendations from being sent to the person or body with
the authority to make final decisions.
(F) The individual prepares or supervises the preparation
of final recommendations.
(G) The individual makes final technical recommen-
dations.
(H) The individual's recommendations or actions are
an inherent and recurring part of his position.
(1) The individual's recommendations or actions affect
organizations other than his own organization.
(iii) The term does not include individuals who are
employed by the Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
the Commonwealth in teaching as distinguished from
administrative duties.
(iv) Persons in the following positions are generally
considered public employes:
(A) Executive and special directors or assistants
reporting directly to the agency head or governing body.
(B) Commonwealth bureau directors, division chiefs or
heads of equivalent organization elements and other
governmental body department heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in representing the
department, agency or other governmental bodies.
(D) Engineers, managers and secretary- treasurers acting
as managers, police chiefs, chief clerks, chief purchasing agents,
grant and contract managers, administrative officers, housing and
building inspectors, investigators, auditors, sewer enforcement
officers and zoning officers in all governmental bodies.
(E) Court administrators, assistants for fiscal affairs
and deputies for the minor judiciary.
(F) School superintendents, assistant superintendents,
school business managers and principals.
(G) Persons who report directly to heads of executive,
legislative and independent agencies, boards and commissions
except clerical personnel.
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Page 7
(v) Persons in the following positions are generally not
considered public employes:
(A) City clerks, other clerical staff, road masters,
secretaries, police officers, maintenance workers, construction
workers, equipment operators and recreation directors.
(B) Law clerks, court criers, court reporters, probation
officers, security guards and writ servers.
(C) School teachers and clerks of the schools.
51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Ministerial action." An action that a person performs
in a prescribed manner in obedience to the mandate of legal
authority, without regard to or the exercise of the person's own
judgment as to the desirability of the action being taken.
"Nonministerial actions." An action in which the
person exercises his own judgment as to the desirability of the
action taken.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
As noted in the Advice of Counsel, status as a "public employee" subject to the
Ethics Act is determined by an objective test. The objective test applies the Ethics Act's
definition of the term "public emplo ee" and the related regulatory criteria to the powers
and duties of the position itself. Typically, the powers and duties of the position are
established by objective sources that define the position, such as the job description, job
classification specifications, and organizational chart. The objective test considers what an
individual has the authority to do in a given position based upon these objective sources,
rather than the variable functions that the individual may actually perform in the position.
See, Philli s v. State Ethics Commission, 470 A.2d 659 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1984); Eiben, Opinion
002; ienvo pinion -00 Barer, Opinion 03 -011. The Commonw h Court of
Pennsylvani s specifically consider and approved this Commission's objective test and
has directed that coverage under the Ethics Act be construed broadly and that exclusions
under the Ethics Act be construed narrowly. See, Qua lia v. State Ethics Commission, 986
A.2d 974 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2010 }, amended bar, 20 0 Pa. Gommw. LEXIS 8 Pa. Cmwlth.
January 5, 2010), all ocatur denie 07 Pa. 708, 4 A.3d 1056 (2010); Phillips, supra.
In applying the objective test in the instant matter, we conclude that in your capacity as
a Higghway Design Supervisor with PennDOT under job code 10330, you are a public
employee subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of this Commission.
The first portion of the statutory definition of "public employee" includes individuals
with authority to take or recommend official action of a nonministenal nature. 65 Pa.C.S. §
1102. Likewise, the regulatory criteria for determining status as a public employee, as set
forth in 51 Pa. Code � 'I 1.1( "public employee")(ii), include not only individuals with authority
to make final decisions but also individuals with authority to forward or stop
recommendations from being sent to final decision - makers; individuals who prepare or
supervise the preparation of final recommendations; and individuals who make final
technical recommendations. Reese /Gilliland, Opinion 05 -005.
The objective sources defining your position - -the official position description and the
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Page 8
job classification specifications under job code 10330 -- establish that as a Highway Design
Supervisor with PennDOT, you have the authority, inter alia, to do the following:
(Per Position Description)
• Control costs within programmed amounts on all projects;
• Monitor project budgets and provide required changes for all projects as
necessary to the District Plans Engineer;
• Coordinate and monitor design development and costs;
• Prepare contract special provisions;
• Supervise the work of highway designers, technicians, draftsman designers,
draftsmen, and engineers in the design of highway projects,
• Plan, direct and exercise responsibility for all squad activities including
performing basic highway design studies, preliminary designs on complete
projects, and preparing complete final design, right -of -way, and construction
plans for highway betterment, improvement, and new construction projects
ranging from the simplest to the very complex;
• Act as the project manager on projects;
• Resolve highway design related problems that develop during construction;
and
• Interpret and verify that designs conform to PennDOT policy, design
guidelines, standards, specifications, and Federal Highway Administration
requirements.
(Per Job Classification Specifications)
Supervise the work of Highway Designers in designing less complex highway
projects or phases of complex projects;
• Supervise employees engaged in determining quantities, costs, and
placement of materials on proposed projects;
• Supervise an engineering district's project proposal and estimate preparation
function;
Review complete sets of design plans prepared by consultants for technical
standards and adherence to applicable specifications,
• Initiate corrective disciplinary action for minor misconduct by employees and
recommend major corrective disciplinary actions or dismissals;
• Interpret contractual and administrative rights and obligations for employees;
Receive grievances and complaints, conduct initial investigation into causes
and conditions, and resolve or recommend resolution of grievance or
complaint;
• Prepare employee performance evaluation reports; and
Klemick, 16 -005
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Page 9
Approve leave, schedule personnel, and authorize or assign overtime.
Based upon the above, we find that your authority includes responsibility for taking
or recommending official action of a nonministerial nature with regard to category (5) of the
Ethics Act's definition of "public employee," specifically, "any other activity where the official
action has an economic impact of greater than a de minimis nature on the interests of an
person." 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102. In your position, you have the authority, inter alia, to: (1�
control costs within programmed amounts on all projects; (2) monitor, project 6ucTgets and
provide required changes for all projects as necessary to the District Plans Engineer; (3)
coordinate and monitor design development and costs; (4) prepare contract special
provisions; (5) act as the project manager on projects; (6) resolve highway design related
problems that develop during, construction; (7) supervise others, (8) initiate corrective
disciplinary action for minor misconduct by employees and recommend major corrective
disciplinary actions or dismissals, and (9) approve leave, schedule personnel, and
authorize or assign overtime. Such authority, as well as the other authority delineated in
the bullet points above, would bring you squarely within the Ethics Act's definition of "public
employee."
Having determined that as a Highway Design Supervisor with Penn DOT under job
code 10330, you are a public employee subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of
this Commission, it necessarily follows that you are required to file Statements of Financial
Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act. The Ethics Act requires that a public employee file a
Statement of Financial Interests by May 1 each year that he holds the public position and
the year after he leaves it. 65 Pa.C.S. § 1104(a).
Based upon the above analysis, we deny the appeal and affirm Advice of Counsel
16 -544.
Lastly, this matter has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
IV. CONCLUSION;
In your capacity as a Highway Design Supervisorwith the Pennsylvania Department
of Transportation under Job code 10330, you are a "public employee" subject to the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 1'1.1 et she .You are required
to file Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act. The appeal is denied.
Advice of Counsel 16 -544 is affirmed.
This matter has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(10), the person who acts in good faith on this Opinion
issued to him shall not be subject to criminal or civil penalties for so acting provided the
material facts are as stated in the request.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
By t e Commission,
0
Nic olas A. Colafella
Chair