HomeMy WebLinkAbout14-564 Holland
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 17, 2014
Fred A. Holland, Esquire
Murphy, Butterfield & Holland, P.C.
442 William Street
Williamsport, PA 17701
14-564
Dear Mr. Holland:
This responds to your letters dated November 10, 2014, and November 18,
2014, by which you requested an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would permit a company that sells produce (“the Produce
Vendor”) to enter into an arrangement to supply produce and fruit to a corporation which
provides food services for school districts (“the Food Services Corporation”), where: (1)
an owner of the Produce Vendor is a school director for a particular school district; (2)
the Food Services Corporation has a contract with such school district for the provision
of food services; and (3) the Food Services Corporation would use the produce and fruit
supplied to it by the Produce Vendor at all school districts served by the Food Services
Corporation, including such school district.
Facts:
You have been authorized by a company named “JAC’s Produce, LLC”
(“JAC’s Produce”) to request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission on behalf of JAC’s Produce. You have submitted facts, the material
portion of which may be fairly summarized as follows.
Gregory Anthony (“Mr. Anthony”) is a School Director for the South Williamsport
Area School District (“School District”). Mr. Anthony was elected for a term of office that
began in December 2011 and ends in December 2015.
A corporation named “Nutrition, Inc.” previously provided food services to the
School District under a contract that ran from July 1, 2009, through June 30, 2014.
When the School District solicited proposals for a new food services contract from
businesses known to provide food services, Nutrition, Inc. was the only entity to respond
to the solicitation. The School District subsequently entered into a food services
contract (“Contract”) with Nutrition, Inc. which runs from July 1, 2014, through June 30,
2015, with provisions allowing for up to four annual renewals. Nutrition, Inc. provides
food services to other school districts in addition to the School District.
Holland, 14-564
December 17, 2014
Page 2
In his private capacity, Mr. Anthony is an owner of JAC’s Produce. The produce
supplier that had been supplying produce for Nutrition, Inc. recently ceased operations,
and Nutrition, Inc. approached vendors, including JAC’s Produce, for the purpose of
seeking the provision of products which Nutrition, Inc. needs to fulfill its contracts with all
local school districts, including the School District. You state that JAC’s Produce
intends to sell produce and fruit to Nutrition, Inc. in accordance with terms and
conditions as may be negotiated between the parties. You further state that such sales
are not contemplated to be made subject to a written contract and that Nutrition, Inc. will
be free to place orders with companies other than JAC’s Produce at any time. Produce
and fruit sold to Nutrition, Inc. by JAC’s Produce would be used at all school districts
served by Nutrition, Inc., including the School District.
You state that as a School Director, Mr. Anthony will not have any supervisory or
overall responsibility for the implementation or administration of the Contract or of any
subcontract with JAC’s Produce. You further state that if “he” is engaged in business
with Nutrition, Inc., Mr. Anthony will not participate in discussions or any vote regarding
any food service contract that might involve Nutrition, Inc.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether the proposed business
relationship between JAC’s Produce and Nutrition, Inc. would be in compliance with the
Ethics Act, and especially Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act (pertaining to contracting).
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act, pertaining to contracting, provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(f)Contract.--
No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(f).
The following terms related to Section 1103(f) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
Holland, 14-564
December 17, 2014
Page 3
§ 1102. Definitions
"Business."
Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self-employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
"Contract."
An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. The term shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as
one party and a public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary,
wage, retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
"Governmental body."
Any department, authority,
commission, committee, council, board, bureau, division,
service, office, officer, administration, legislative body or
other establishment in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of a state, a nation or a political subdivision thereof or
any agency performing a governmental function.
"Person."
A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official/public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body with
which the public official/public employee is associated, or subcontracting with any
person who has been awarded a contract with such governmental body, in an amount
of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an “open and public process” be
observed as to the contract with the governmental body. Section 1103(f) of the Ethics
Act also provides that the public official/public employee may not have any supervisory
or overall responsibility as to the implementation or administration of the contract with
the governmental body.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows.
As a School Director for the School District, Mr. Anthony is a “public official” as
that term is defined by the Ethics Act. JAC’s Produce is a business with which Mr.
Anthony is associated in his capacity as an owner.
Holland, 14-564
December 17, 2014
Page 4
An agreement or arrangement for JAC’s Produce to supply Nutrition, Inc. with
produce and fruit to use in fulfillment of the Contract or renewal thereof would constitute
a subcontract with Nutrition, Inc. for purposes of Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act. You
are advised that where such a subcontract with Nutrition, Inc. would be valued at $500
or more, Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit JAC’s Produce from
entering into the subcontract subject to the condition that the requirements of Section
1103(f) of the Ethics Act as to an open and public process would have been satisfied as
to the Contract or renewal thereof.
It is noted that Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides that where the
restrictions of Section 1103(f) are not observed, a court may declare the contract or
subcontract void if an action is properly filed with the court within 90 days of the making
of the contract or subcontract.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion:
Based upon the submitted facts that: (1) Gregory Anthony (“Mr.
Anthony”) is a School Director for the South Williamsport Area School District (“School
District”); (2) Mr. Anthony was elected for a term of office that began in December 2011
and ends in December 2015; (3) a corporation named “Nutrition, Inc.” previously
provided food services to the School District under a contract that ran from July 1, 2009,
through June 30, 2014; (4) when the School District solicited proposals for a new food
services contract from businesses known to provide food services, Nutrition, Inc. was
the only entity to respond to the solicitation; (5) the School District subsequently entered
into a food services contract (“Contract”) with Nutrition, Inc. which runs from July 1,
2014, through June 30, 2015, with provisions allowing for up to four annual renewals;
(6) Nutrition, Inc. provides food services to other school districts in addition to the
School District; (7) in his private capacity, Mr. Anthony is an owner of a company named
“JAC’s Produce, LLC” (“JAC’s Produce”); (8) the produce supplier that had been
supplying produce for Nutrition, Inc. recently ceased operations, and Nutrition, Inc.
approached vendors, including JAC’s Produce, for the purpose of seeking the provision
of products which Nutrition, Inc. needs to fulfill its contracts with all local school districts,
including the School District; (9) JAC’s Produce intends to sell produce and fruit to
Nutrition, Inc. in accordance with terms and conditions as may be negotiated between
the parties; (10) such sales are not contemplated to be made subject to a written
contract, and Nutrition, Inc. will be free to place orders with companies other than JAC’s
Produce at any time; (11) produce and fruit sold to Nutrition, Inc. by JAC’s Produce
would be used at all school districts served by Nutrition, Inc., including the School
District; (12) as a School Director, Mr. Anthony will not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the Contract or of any
subcontract with JAC’s Produce; and (13) if “he” is engaged in business with Nutrition,
Inc., Mr. Anthony will not participate in discussions or any vote regarding any food
service contract that might involve Nutrition, Inc., you are advised as follows.
As a School Director for the School District, Mr. Anthony is a “public official” as
that term is defined by the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. JAC’s Produce is a business with which Mr. Anthony is
associated in his capacity as an owner. An agreement or arrangement for JAC’s
Produce to supply Nutrition, Inc. with produce and fruit to use in fulfillment of the
Contract or renewal thereof would constitute a subcontract with Nutrition, Inc. for
purposes of Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act. You are advised that where such a
subcontract with Nutrition, Inc. would be valued at $500 or more, Section 1103(f) of the
Ethics Act would not prohibit JAC’s Produce from entering into the subcontract subject
to the condition that the requirements of Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act as to an open
and public process would have been satisfied as to the Contract or renewal thereof.
Holland, 14-564
December 17, 2014
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such
.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel