HomeMy WebLinkAbout14-524 Wolovich
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 17, 2014
Brian Wolovich
Council Vice President
Borough of Millvale
902 Hansen Street
Millvale, PA 15209
14-524
Dear Mr. Wolovich:
This responds to your letter dated April 15, 2014, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon an individual
serving as a member and vice president of a borough council with regard to contracting
to act as a consultant to a non-profit corporation in his private capacity, where the
individual would be providing consulting services on matters pertaining to a grant
awarded to the non-profit corporation in relation to a redevelopment project in the
borough.
Facts:
As a Member and Vice President of Council for Millvale Borough
(“Borough”), you request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
based upon submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
Organizational stakeholders, including the Borough, the Millvale Borough
Development Corporation (the “Corporation”), and Allegheny River Towns Enterprise
Zone, are working to redevelop a cluster of vacant, underutilized, or blighted properties
(the “Properties”) in the heart of the main street business districts in order to create the
Bennett Station Town Square redevelopment project (the “Project”). You state that
private individuals and organizations own all of the Properties and that neither you nor
your family owns any of the Properties or any part of the organizations/businesses
which own the Properties.
The Corporation is an independent 501(c)(3) non-profit organization which is a
separate entity from the Borough and has its own Board of Directors. You state that
neither you nor anyone in your family is on the Corporation’s Board of Directors.
The Corporation has entered into an agreement to purchase the Properties and
is raising money to acquire and complete the planning for the Properties in preparation
of the construction phase of the Project. The Borough is also applying for grants for the
Wolovich, 14-524
June 17, 2014
Page 2
necessary construction work on the Project and was recently awarded a $500,000
Redevelopment Assistance Capital Program Grant from the Commonwealth for the
construction phase of the Project.
The Corporation has received a $150,000 grant (the “Grant”) from a local private
foundation for the planning, design, engineering, and community engagement piece of
the Project. The Corporation and you would like to enter into an Independent
Contractor Agreement (the “Agreement”) under which you would be paid a total of
$18,000 from the Grant for providing professional services as a consultant to the
Corporation in matters related to the Grant. You have submitted an unexecuted copy of
the Agreement, which is incorporated herein by reference.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would
permit you to contract to act as a consultant to the Corporation under the Independent
Contractor Agreement.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Member and Vice President of Borough Council, you are a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a)Conflict of interest.--
No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j)Voting conflict.--
Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three-member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
Wolovich, 14-524
June 17, 2014
Page 3
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
It is noted that Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act does not prohibit public
officials/public employees from having outside business activities or employment.
However, subject to the statutory exclusions to the Ethics Act’s definition of the term
“conflict” or “conflict of interest,” 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, the public official/public employee
may not use the authority of his public position--or confidential information obtained by
being in that position--for the advancement of his own private pecuniary benefit or that
of a business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89-011. Examples of
conduct that could form the basis for a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act would include the pursuit of a private business opportunity in the course of
public action (Metrick, Order 1037) and the participation in an official capacity as to
matters involving the business with which the public official/public employee is
associated in his private capacity or private client(s) (Miller, Opinion 89-024;
Kannebecker, Opinion 92-010). A reasonable and legitimate expectation that a business
relationship will form may support a finding of a conflict of interest (Amato, Opinion 89-
002).
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official/public employee would
be required to abstain from participation. The abstention requirement would not be
limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office including, but
not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result.
Juliante, Order 809. Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting
conflict, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would require the public official/public
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes.
Wolovich, 14-524
June 17, 2014
Page 4
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows.
The Ethics Act would not prohibit you, in your private capacity, from contracting
to act as a consultant to the Corporation under the Independent Contractor Agreement.
However, at such times as you either would have a business relationship with the
Corporation or would have a reasonable expectation of developing a business
relationship with the Corporation, you would have a conflict of interest under Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matters before Borough Council that would financially
impact you or the Corporation, unless one of the statutory exclusions to the definition of
“conflict” or “conflict of interest” as set forth in the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, would
be applicable.
As noted above, in each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required
to abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory
exceptions of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied
in the event of a voting conflict.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Borough Code.
Conclusion:
As a Member and Vice President of Council for Millvale Borough
(“Borough”), you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Based upon the
submitted facts that: (1) organizational stakeholders, including the Borough, the Millvale
Borough Development Corporation (the “Corporation”), and Allegheny River Towns
Enterprise Zone, are working to redevelop a cluster of vacant, underutilized, or blighted
properties (the “Properties”) in the heart of the main street business districts in order to
create the Bennett Station Town Square redevelopment project (the “Project”); (2)
private individuals and organizations own all of the Properties, and neither you nor your
family owns any of the Properties or any part of the organizations/businesses which
own the Properties; (3) the Corporation is an independent 501(c)(3) non-profit
organization which is a separate entity from the Borough and has its own Board of
Directors; (4) neither you nor anyone in your family is on the Corporation’s Board of
Directors; (5) the Corporation has entered into an agreement to purchase the Properties
and is raising money to acquire and complete the planning for the Properties in
preparation of the construction phase of the Project; (7) the Borough is also applying for
grants for the necessary construction work on the Project and was recently awarded a
$500,000 Redevelopment Assistance Capital Program Grant from the Commonwealth
for the construction phase of the Project; (8) the Corporation has received a $150,000
grant (the “Grant”) from a local private foundation for the planning, design, engineering,
and community engagement piece of the Project; (9) the Corporation and you would like
to enter into an Independent Contractor Agreement (the “Agreement”) under which you
would be paid a total of $18,000 from the Grant for providing professional services as a
consultant to the Corporation in matters related to the Grant, you are advised as follows.
The Ethics Act would not prohibit you, in your private capacity, from contracting
to act as a consultant to the Corporation under the Independent Contractor Agreement.
However, at such times as you either would have a business relationship with the
Corporation or would have a reasonable expectation of developing a business
relationship with the Corporation, you would have a conflict of interest under Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matters before Borough Council that would financially
impact you or the Corporation, unless one of the statutory exclusions to the definition of
“conflict” or “conflict of interest” as set forth in the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, would
Wolovich, 14-524
June 17, 2014
Page 5
be applicable. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to
abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory
exceptions of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied
in the event of a voting conflict. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such
.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel