HomeMy WebLinkAbout13-521 Barna
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 15, 2013
Nicholas A. Barna, Esquire
831 Court Street
Honesdale, PA 18431
13-521
Dear Mr. Barna:
This responds to your letter of March 4, 2013, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any prohibitions or restrictions upon a deputy
county treasurer with regard to simultaneously serving as a township tax collector.
Facts:
You have been authorized by Kelly J. Kyzer (“Ms. Kyzer”) to request an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission on her behalf. You have
submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
Ms. Kyzer currently serves as a Deputy County Treasurer for Wayne County
(“County”), Pennsylvania. Ms. Kyzer would like to run for the office of Tax Collector for
South Canaan Township (“Township”), and if elected, she would like to continue serving
as a Deputy County Treasurer for the County while also serving as the Township Tax
Collector. You state that while Ms. Kyzer would make it known that she is currently
working as a Deputy County Treasurer for the County, she would be careful not to use
the County Treasurer’s Office or any of the personnel there in her political campaign for
Township Tax Collector. You further state that no political activity would take place in
the County Treasurer’s Office.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would
permit Ms. Kyzer to seek election as the Township Tax Collector and, if elected to such
position, to simultaneously serve as a Deputy County Treasurer for the County and the
Township Tax Collector.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Barna, 13-521
April 15, 2013
Page 2
As a Deputy County Treasurer for the County, Ms. Kyzer is a public official/public
employee subject to the Ethics Act. If Ms. Kyzer would be elected as the Township Tax
Collector, upon assuming said position, she would in that capacity be a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a)Conflict of interest.--
No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms that pertain to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office/employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official/public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting conflict,
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the public official/public employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes.
Barna, 13-521
April 15, 2013
Page 3
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows.
The Ethics Act does not prohibit a public official/public employee from seeking
another public position. Rather, the Ethics Act prohibits a public official/public employee
from simultaneously holding two positions that are statutorily incompatible or that result
in an inherent conflict. Therefore, the Ethics Act would not prohibit Ms. Kyzer from
running for the office of Township Tax Collector while serving as a Deputy County
Treasurer for the County.
As for the question of simultaneous service, it is initially noted that the General
Assembly has the constitutional power to declare by law which offices are incompatible.
Pa. Const. Art. 6, § 2. There does not appear to be any statutorily-declared
incompatibility precluding simultaneous service in the positions in question.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, where simultaneous service would
place the public official/public employee in a continual state of conflict, such as where in
one position he would be accounting to himself in another position on a continual basis,
there would be an inherent conflict. (See, McCain, Opinion 02-009). Where an inherent
conflict would exist, it would appear to be impossible, as a practical matter, for the
public official/public employee to function in the conflicting positions without running
afoul of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act.
Based upon the submitted facts, there would be an inherent conflict that would
preclude Ms. Kyzer’s proposed simultaneous service as a Deputy County Treasurer for
the County and the Township Tax Collector. An inherent conflict would exist because
the responsibilities of the Township Tax Collector and County Treasurer are part of a
“check and balance” system designed to maintain appropriate accounting of funds due
the County and received by it. Specifically, the Township Tax Collector is responsible
for collecting County taxes and paying them over to the County Treasurer (53 P.S. §
66001; 72 P.S. § 5511.25), while the County Treasurer is responsible for receiving and
accounting for all such moneys (16 P.S. § 1760). A Deputy County Treasurer may be
required to perform duties of the County Treasurer in this regard and/or to oversee
others performing such duties. 16 P.S. §§ 408, 806. Consequently, simultaneous
service as a Deputy County Treasurer for the County and the Township Tax Collector
would be prohibited pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Cf., McCain, supra;
Johnson, Opinion 86-004; Nelson, Opinion 85-009.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Conclusion:
As a Deputy County Treasurer for Wayne County (“County”),
Pennsylvania, Kelly J. Kyzer (“Ms. Kyzer”) is a public official/public employee subject to
the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. §
1101 et seq. The Ethics Act would not prohibit Ms. Kyzer from running for the office of
Tax Collector for South Canaan Township (“Township”) while serving as a Deputy
County Treasurer for the County. If Ms. Kyzer would be elected as the Township Tax
Collector, upon assuming said position, she would in that capacity be a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Based upon the submitted facts, there would
be an inherent conflict that would preclude simultaneous service as a Deputy County
Treasurer for the County and the Township Tax Collector. Consequently, such
simultaneous service would be prohibited pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
Barna, 13-521
April 15, 2013
Page 4
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel