HomeMy WebLinkAbout12-554 Klovensky
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 2, 2012
Scott W. Klovensky, MCEO
Pennsylvania State Police
3033 Old Harrisburg Road
Gettysburg, PA 17325
12-554
Dear Mr. Klovensky:
This responds to your memorandum dated June 20, 2012, received June 26,
2012, which will be treated as a request for advice from the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission.
Issue:
Whether, as a Motor Carrier Enforcement Officer with the Pennsylvania
State Police under job code 70751, you would be considered a “public employee”
subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (the “Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. §
1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 11.1
et seq., and particularly, the requirements for filing Statements of Financial Interests.
Facts:
You seek a determination as to whether, in your capacity as a Motor
Carrier Enforcement Officer with the Pennsylvania State Police under job code 70751,
you are a “public employee” subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State
Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. You specifically
question whether you are required to file Statements of Financial Interests (“SFIs”).
You have submitted a copy of your official Commonwealth position description,
which document is incorporated herein by reference. A copy of the job classification
specifications for the position of Motor Carrier Enforcement Officer, job code 70751, has
been obtained and is also incorporated herein by reference.
Per your official Commonwealth position description, you perform technical
safety, size and weight, and hazardous material inspections of motor carrier vehicles
and operators to determine compliance with and enforce state and federal motor carrier
safety laws. Your job duties and responsibilities include:
Selecting motor carrier vehicles for a variety of inspections, interviewing
operators, and reviewing vehicle and operator documents;
Performing inspections of truck and trailer safety parts and equipment;
Consulting and interpreting laws, issuing traffic citations and warnings,
and notifying operators of required corrective action;
Performing technical safety inspections of school buses and completing
required reports to include documentation of violations;
Operating and assuring proper condition of equipment and van;
Klovensky, 12-554
August 2, 2012
Page 2
Ensuring scales are inspected/certified in a timely manner; and
Performing weighing of all types of vehicles for weight violations.
Position Description, at 1.
Per the job classification specifications under job code 70751, a Motor Carrier
Enforcement Officer:
Determines safe location for monitoring traffic and selects motor carrier
vehicles for inspection;
Informs the operator about the purpose for the stop, interviews the
operator, and examines operator and vehicle documents to determine
compliance with safety laws;
Performs technical inspections of truck and trailer safety parts and
equipment;
Performs size and weight inspections by measuring the height, width,
length, and weight of a motor carrier vehicle;
Directs motor carrier movement to and from scales and carries, sets up,
verifies the accuracy of, and performs minor adjustments to weighing
equipment;
Inspects compliance with hazardous material transportation requirements
by examining shipping documents, vehicle placards, CDL endorsements,
and material security, packaging, separation, and labeling;
Records inspection data by preparing reports, performing mathematical
calculations, consulting and interpreting laws, and preparing
citations/warnings;
Determines inspection violations, using discretion to determine whether a
traffic citation or written warning is issued and whether the violation is
issued to the operator or carrier;
Informs operator of violations and the mandatory corrective actions,
places motor carriers and operators out-of-service as prescribed by safety
laws and maintains a professional demeanor in potentially hostile
situations;
Conducts new entrant safety audits by reviewing safety management
procedures, operational practices, and a sample of required records;
Informs, upon completion of new entrant safety audits, the motor carrier of
the results and mandatory corrective actions and prepares federally-
mandated audit reports;
Conducts skills performance evaluations for operators with physical
impairments or individuals attempting to obtain medical certification
waivers for motor carrier operation and determines if the vehicle is
equipped with the necessary accommodations and the individual can
demonstrate safe operation; and
Recommends approval/disapproval of the operator’s medical certification
waiver.
Job Classification Specifications, at 1-2.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Klovensky, 12-554
August 2, 2012
Page 3
The Ethics Act defines the term “public employee” as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Public employee."
Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible
for taking or recommending official action of a nonministerial
nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or auditing any
person; or
(5) any other activity where the official action has an
economic impact of greater than a de minimis nature
on the interests of any person.
The term shall not include individuals who are employed by
this Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof in
teaching as distinguished from administrative duties.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The Regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define the term “public
employee” and set forth the following additional criteria:
(ii) The following criteria will be used, in part, to
determine whether an individual is within the definition of
"public employe":
(A) The individual normally performs his responsibility
in the field without onsite supervision.
(B) The individual is the immediate supervisor of a
person who normally performs his responsibility in the field
without onsite supervision.
(C) The individual is the supervisor of a highest level
field office.
(D) The individual has the authority to make final
decisions.
(E) The individual has the authority to forward or
stop recommendations from being sent to the person or
body with the authority to make final decisions.
(F) The individual prepares or supervises the
preparation of final recommendations.
(G) The individual makes final technical recommen-
dations.
Klovensky, 12-554
August 2, 2012
Page 4
(H) The individual's recommendations or actions are
an inherent and recurring part of his position.
(I) The individual's recommendations or actions
affect organizations other than his own organization.
(iii) The term does not include individuals who are
employed by the Commonwealth or a political subdivision of
the Commonwealth in teaching as distinguished from
administrative duties.
(iv) Persons in the following positions are generally
considered public employes:
(A) Executive and special directors or assistants
reporting directly to the agency head or governing body.
(B) Commonwealth bureau directors, division chiefs
or heads of equivalent organization elements and other
governmental body department heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in representing the
department, agency or other governmental bodies.
(D) Engineers, managers and secretary-treasurers
acting as managers, police chiefs, chief clerks, chief purchasing
agents, grant and contract managers, administrative officers,
housing and building inspectors, investigators, auditors, sewer
enforcement officers and zoning officers in all governmental
bodies.
(E) Court administrators, assistants for fiscal affairs
and deputies for the minor judiciary.
(F) School superintendents, assistant superintendents,
school business managers and principals.
(G) Persons who report directly to heads of
executive, legislative and independent agencies, boards and
commissions except clerical personnel.
(v) Persons in the following positions are generally
not considered public employes:
(A) City clerks, other clerical staff, road masters,
secretaries, police officers, maintenance workers, construction
workers, equipment operators and recreation directors.
(B) Law clerks, court criers, court reporters, probation
officers, security guards and writ servers.
(C) School teachers and clerks of the schools.
51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
Status as a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act is determined by an
objective test. The objective test applies the Ethics Act’s definition of the term “public
employee” and the related regulatory criteria to the powers and duties of the position
Klovensky, 12-554
August 2, 2012
Page 5
itself. Typically, the powers and duties of the position are established by objective
sources that define the position, such as the job description, job classification
specifications, and organizational chart. The objective test considers what an individual
has the authority to do in a given position based upon these objective sources, rather
than the variable functions that the individual may actually perform in the position. See,
Phillips v. State Ethics Commission, 470 A.2d 659 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1984); Eiben, Opinion
04-002;Shienvold, Opinion 04-001; Shearer, Opinion 03-011. The Commonwealth Court
of Pennsylvania has specifically considered and approved this Commission’s objective
test and has directed that coverage under the Ethics Act be construed broadly and that
exclusions under the Ethics Act be construed narrowly. See, Quaglia v. State Ethics
Commission, 986 A.2d 974 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2010), amended by, 2010 Pa. Commw. LEXIS
8 (Pa. Cmwlth. January 5, 2010), allocatur denied, 607 Pa. 708, 4 A.3d 1056 (2010);
Phillips, supra.
The first portion of the statutory definition of “public employee” includes
individuals with authority to take or recommend official action of a nonministerial nature.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102. Likewise, the regulatory criteria for determining status as a public
employee, as set forth in 51 Pa. Code § 11.1(“public employee”)(ii), include not only
individuals with authority to make final decisions but also individuals with authority to
forward or stop recommendations from being sent to final decision-makers; individuals
who prepare or supervise the preparation of final recommendations; individuals who
make final technical recommendations; and individuals whose recommendations are an
inherent and recurring part of their positions. See, e.g., Reese/Gilliland, Opinion 05-
005.
In applying the objective test in the instant matter, the necessary conclusion is that,
in your capacity as a Motor Carrier Enforcement Officer with the Pennsylvania State
Police under job code 70751, you are a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and
the Regulations of the Commission, and in particular, the requirements for filing SFIs
pursuant to the Ethics Act.
As a Motor Carrier Enforcement Officer under job code 70751, you have the
ability to take or recommend official action of a nonministerial nature with respect to
subparagraphs (4) and (5) within the definition of “public employee” as set forth in the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102. Specifically, the following duties and authority set forth
in the official Position Description and the job classification specifications under job code
70751 would be sufficient to establish your status as a “public employee” subject to the
Ethics Act:
Performing technical safety, size and weight, and hazardous material
inspections of motor carrier vehicles and operators to determine
compliance with and enforce state and federal motor carrier safety laws;
Selecting motor carrier vehicles for a variety of inspections and examining
operator and vehicle documents to determine compliance with safety laws;
Performing technical inspections of truck and trailer safety parts and
equipment and performing size and weight inspections of a motor carrier
vehicle;
Inspecting compliance with hazardous material transportation
requirements;
Determining inspection violations and using discretion to determine
whether a traffic citation or written warning is issued and whether the
violation is issued to the operator or carrier;
Placing motor carriers and operators out-of-service as prescribed by
safety laws;
Performing technical safety inspections of school buses;
Conducting new entrant safety audits;
Klovensky, 12-554
August 2, 2012
Page 6
Conducting skills performance evaluations for operators with physical
impairments or individuals attempting to obtain medical certification
waivers for motor carrier operation and determining if the vehicle is
equipped with the necessary accommodations and the individual can
demonstrate safe operation; and
Recommending approval/disapproval of the operator’s medical
certification waiver.
The foregoing duties/authority would also meet the criteria for determining your
status as a public employee under the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission,
specifically at 51 Pa. Code § 11.1, “public employee,” subparagraphs (i) and (ii).
Therefore, you are advised that as a Motor Carrier Enforcement Officer with the
Pennsylvania State Police under job code 70751, you are a “public employee” subject to
the provisions of the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission,
and in particular, the requirements for filing SFIs pursuant to the Ethics Act. Cf., Master,
Advice 90-555.
Conclusion:
As a Motor Carrier Enforcement Officer with the Pennsylvania State
Police under job code 70751, you are a “public employee” subject to the Public Official
and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations
of the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 11.1 et seq., and in
particular, the requirements for filing Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the
Ethics Act. Accordingly, you must file a Statement of Financial Interests each year in
which you hold the aforesaid position and the year following termination of such service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel