HomeMy WebLinkAbout12-518 Smith
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 22, 2012
A. Gregg Smith, Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist
Armstrong Conservation District
Armsdale Administration Building
124 Armsdale Road, Suite B-2
Kittanning, PA 16201-3738
12-518
Dear Mr. Smith:
This responds to your letter dated January 31, 2012, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., an individual who is both: (1)
employed as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist for a conservation district, in which
position he is primarily responsible for administering the conservation district’s dirt and
gravel road program; and (2) a supervisor for a township that currently has several dirt
and gravel road worksites that may be eligible for funding through the conservation
district’s dirt and gravel road program, would have a conflict of interest in either of his
aforesaid capacities with regard to matters involving participation by the township in the
conservation district’s dirt and gravel road program, and if so, what abstentions and/or
disclosures would be required of him in either capacity.
Facts:
You request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
based upon submitted facts, the material portion of which may be fairly summarized as
follows.
You are currently employed as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist with the
Armstrong Conservation District (“District”) on a part-time basis, in which capacity you
are primarily responsible for administering the District’s Dirt and Gravel Road Program
(the “District Road Program”). You have submitted a copy of a position description for
your position as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist with the District, which document is
incorporated herein by reference.
The District Quality Assurance Board (“QAB”) is an advisory committee of the
District that makes funding recommendations to the Conservation District Board of
Directors (“District Board”) on the allocation of Dirt and Gravel Roads Funds received by
the District through the State Conservation Commission. You state that in your capacity
as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist, you are the person with the primary responsibility
for evaluating all applications in conjunction with municipal officials, developing a scope
Smith, 12-518
March 22, 2012
Page 2
of work for selected projects, and overseeing/administering the projects for conformity to
the local QAB policies and the guidelines established by the State Conservation
Commission. You meet on an as-requested basis with municipal officials to assist them
in preparing, revising, and implementing their applications for dirt and gravel road
funding, and you provide input to the QAB by assisting it in prioritizing and making
recommendations for funding to the District Board.
You state that you do not make funding decisions for the District Road Program
and that all such decisions are made exclusively by the District Board. You prepare
contracts, scopes of work or work plans, and all other required attachments for the
review and approval of the District Manager. You are not authorized to execute
contracts on behalf of the District, but you are authorized to determine contract
compliance by municipal officials in certain respects.
In November 2011, you were elected as a Supervisor for Rayburn Township
(“Township”), located in Armstrong County, Pennsylvania, and you took office in
January 2012. You state that as a Township Supervisor, you are not employed by the
Township to work on the roads as a road worker.
You state that the Township currently does not have any applications for funding,
contracts, or active projects with the District pursuant to the District Road Program.
However, the Township currently has several dirt and gravel road worksites that may be
eligible for funding through the District Road Program. You state that because of your
training, you are currently the only elected or appointed Township official who may be
eligible to apply to the District for funding pursuant to the District Road Program.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether, in your
capacity as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist or in your capacity as a Township
Supervisor, you would have a conflict of interest with regard to matter(s) involving
participation by the Township in the District Road Program, and if so, what disclosures
and/or abstentions would be required of you in either capacity.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist for the District, you are a public employee
subject to the Ethics Act. As a Township Supervisor, you are a public official subject to
the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a)Conflict of interest.--
No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j)Voting conflict.--
Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
Smith, 12-518
March 22, 2012
Page 3
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three-member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office/employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official/public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
Smith, 12-518
March 22, 2012
Page 4
In each instance of a conflict of interest, a public official/public employee would
be required to abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the
statutory exceptions of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would be applicable.
Additionally, the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would have
to be satisfied in the event of a voting conflict.
Having established the above general principles, you are advised as follows.
You would not have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act:
(1) in your capacity as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist for the District in matters that
would financially impact the Township but that would not financially impact you, a
member of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a member of your
immediate family is associated; or (2) in your capacity as a Township Supervisor in
matters that would financially impact the District but that would not financially impact
you, a member of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a member of
your immediate family is associated. A pecuniary benefit flowing solely to a
governmental entity--such as the Township or the District--would not form the basis for
a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. See, Confidential Opinion,
01-005; McCarrier/Anderson, Opinion 98-008; Warso, Order 974.
Therefore, as to each of your public capacities--that is, as a Dirt and Gravel Road
Specialist for the District or as a Township Supervisor--absent some basis for a conflict
of interest in that capacity such as a private pecuniary benefit to you, a member of your
immediate family, or a business with which you or a member of your immediate family is
associated, you would not have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act in matter(s) involving participation by the Township in the District Road Program,
and you would not be required to abstain or make disclosures pursuant to Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion:
As a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist for the Armstrong
Conservation District (“District”), you are a public employee subject to the provisions of
the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. As
a Supervisor for Rayburn Township (“Township”), you are a public official subject to the
Ethics Act. You would not have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act: (1) in your capacity as a Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist for the District in matters
that would financially impact the Township but that would not financially impact you, a
member of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a member of your
immediate family is associated; or (2) in your capacity as a Township Supervisor in
matters that would financially impact the District but that would not financially impact
you, a member of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a member of
your immediate family is associated. As to each of your public capacities--that is, as a
Dirt and Gravel Road Specialist for the District or as a Township Supervisor--absent
some basis for a conflict of interest in that capacity such as a private pecuniary benefit
to you, a member of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a member
of your immediate family is associated, you would not have a conflict of interest under
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matter(s) involving participation by the Township in
the District’s Dirt and Gravel Road Program, and you would not be required to abstain
or make disclosures pursuant to Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. Lastly, the propriety
of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
Smith, 12-518
March 22, 2012
Page 5
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such
.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel