HomeMy WebLinkAbout11-562 Leonard-Haak
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
November 9, 2011
Izanne Leonard-Haak
Health-Management Associates
rd
800 N. 3 Street
Suite 201
Harrisburg, PA 17102
11-562
Dear Ms. Leonard-Haak:
This responds to your letter dated September 23, 2011 (postmarked October 11,
2011, and received October 12, 2011), by which you requested an advisory from the
Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any restrictions upon employment of an Acting
Deputy Secretary for Medical Assistance Programs following termination of employment
with the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare (“Department of Public Welfare”).
Facts:
You request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
regarding the post-employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts
that may be fairly summarized as follows.
On August 26, 2011, you retired from Commonwealth employment as the Acting
Deputy Secretary for Medical Assistance Programs with the Department of Public
Welfare, in which capacity you oversaw various aspects of the Pennsylvania Medicaid
Program authorized under Title XIX of the federal Social Security Act.
You state that in your former position with the Department of Public Welfare, you
had some limited contact with the Pennsylvania Department of Insurance (“Department
of Insurance”) during 2010 for planning and development purposes related to state
options regarding the implementation for the federal Affordable Care Act. You state that
you were never in a supervisory or managerial relationship with anyone in the
Department of Insurance and that you did not have approval authority on any programs
or policies of the Department of Insurance.
In your former position with the Department of Public Welfare, you had regular
meetings with the Deputy Secretary for the Office of Long Term Living (“OLTL”) and
staff of OLTL with regard to OLTL’s program and policy under Title XIX (the Medicaid
provisions) of the federal Social Security Act. You state that you did so in order to be
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November 9, 2011
Page 2
informed, as the Secretary of Public Welfare had directed that you sign off on any
request to the federal Centers for Medicare and Medicaid related to the use of Title XIX
funding regardless of whether the funds were to be used for programs under your direct
purview or under the purview of other offices. You state that staff of the Pennsylvania
Department of Aging (“Department of Aging”) and the Secretary of Aging sometimes
participated in the aforesaid meetings.
You state that the Deputy Secretary of OLTL reported to both the Secretary of
Public Welfare and the Secretary of Aging. You further state that you had no
managerial or supervisory responsibility for staff of OLTL or the Department of Aging.
Effective August 29, 2011, you became an employee of an independent national
research and consulting firm named “Health Management Associates,” which
specializes in complex health care program and policy issues. You state that it is
possible that you might be interested in responding to requests for proposals or
collaborating with other contractors in providing technical assistance on initiatives of the
Department of Insurance and the Department of Aging.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether the
Ethics Act would impose any restrictions upon you with regard to representing clients
before, or doing work for, the Department of Insurance and the Department of Aging
during the first year following termination of your Commonwealth employment.
It is administratively noted that OLTL is “co-located” within both the Department
of Public Welfare and the Department of Aging. See, Resolution No. OR-08-242 of the
Executive Board (October 7, 2008). The organization chart for OLTL designates OLTL
as being part of both the Department of Public Welfare and the Department of Aging.
The organization chart for the Department of Public Welfare designates the Deputy
Secretary for Medical Assistance Programs as being solely within the Department of
Public Welfare and not within OLTL.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as the Acting Deputy Secretary for Medical Assistance
Programs with the Department of Public Welfare, you would be considered a public
official/public employee and an “executive-level State employee” subject to the Ethics
Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51
Pa. Code § 11.1.
Consequently, upon termination of Commonwealth employment, you became a
former public official/public employee and a former executive-level State employee
subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(i) restricts former executive-level State employees as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(i)Former executive-level employee.--
No former
executive-level State employee may for a period of two
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November 9, 2011
Page 3
years from the time that he terminates employment with this
Commonwealth be employed by, receive compensation
from, assist or act in a representative capacity for a business
or corporation that he actively participated in recruiting to this
Commonwealth or that he actively participated in inducing to
open a new plant, facility or branch in this Commonwealth or
that he actively participated in inducing to expand an existent
plant or facility within this Commonwealth, provided that the
above prohibition shall be invoked only when the recruitment
or inducement is accomplished by a grant or loan of money
or a promise of a grant or loan of money from the
Commonwealth to the business or corporation recruited or
induced to expand.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(i).
Section 1103(i) restricts the ability of a former executive-level State employee to
accept employment or otherwise engage in business relationships following termination
of State service, under certain narrow conditions. The restrictions of Section 1103(i)
apply even where the business relationship is indirect, such as where the business in
question is a client of a new employer, rather than the new employer itself. See,
Confidential Opinion, 94-011. However, Section 1103(i) would not prohibit you from
being employed by, receiving compensation from, assisting, or acting in a
representative capacity for a business subject to the conditions that you did not actively
participate in recruiting such business to Pennsylvania, and that you did not actively
participate in inducing such business to open or expand a plant, facility, or branch in
Pennsylvania, through a grant or loan of money or a promise of a grant or loan of
money from the Commonwealth.
Unlike Section 1103(i), Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public
official/public employee from accepting a position of employment. However, it does
restrict the former public official/public employee with regard to “representing” a
“person” before “the governmental body with which he has been associated”:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g)Former official or employee.--
No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," "governmental body," and "governmental body
with which a public official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically
defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent."
To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
Leonard-Haak, 11-562
November 9, 2011
Page 4
"Person."
A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body."
Any department, authority,
commission, committee, council, board, bureau, division,
service, office, officer, administration, legislative body or
other establishment in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of a state, a nation or a political subdivision thereof or
any agency performing a governmental function.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated."
The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93-005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official/public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89-005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official/public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of service with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91-012. However,
if such a pre-existing contract does not involve the unit where the former public
employee worked, the name of the former public employee may appear on routine
invoices if required by the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being
submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95-011.
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official/public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official/public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
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November 9, 2011
Page 5
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official/public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official/public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the “governmental body with which a public official/public employee
is or has been associated” is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official/public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90-006; Sharp, Opinion 90-009-R.
In the instant matter, the governmental body with which you are deemed to have
been associated upon termination of Commonwealth employment is the Department of
Public Welfare in its entirety, which includes OLTL. For the first year following
termination of your employment with the Department of Public Welfare, Section 1103(g)
of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict “representation” of a “person” before the
Department of Public Welfare.
You are advised that Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you
from representing clients before, or doing work for, the Department of Insurance or the
Department of Aging during the first year following termination of your Commonwealth
employment subject to the condition that in so doing, you would not engage in any
activity(ies) that would involve prohibited representation before the Department of Public
Welfare--such as OLTL--as delineated above.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Sections 1103(g) and 1103(i) only. It is expressly assumed that there
has been no use of authority of office or employment, or confidential information
received by being in the public position, for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and
1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public
official/public employee and no public official/public employee shall solicit or accept
anything of monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official/public employee would be influenced thereby.
Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will
be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor’s Code of Conduct.
Conclusion:
In the former capacity as the Acting Deputy Secretary for Medical
Assistance Programs with the Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare (“Department
of Public Welfare”), you would be considered a public official/public employee and an
“executive-level State employee” subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
(“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission, 51 Pa. Code § 11.1 et seq. Upon termination of Commonwealth
employment, you became a former public official/public employee and a former
executive-level State employee subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and
Section 1103(i) of the Ethics Act. Under Section 1103(i) of the Ethics Act, you would
not be prohibited from being employed by, receiving compensation from, assisting, or
acting in a representative capacity for a business subject to the conditions that you did
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November 9, 2011
Page 6
not actively participate in recruiting such business to Pennsylvania, and that you did not
actively participate in inducing such business to open or expand a plant, facility, or
branch in Pennsylvania, through a grant or loan of money or a promise of a grant or
loan of money from the Commonwealth. The governmental body with which you are
deemed to have been associated upon termination of Commonwealth employment is
the Department of Public Welfare in its entirety, which includes the Office of Long Term
Living. For the first year following termination of your employment with the Department
of Public Welfare, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict
“representation” of a “person” before the Department of Public Welfare. The restrictions
as to representation outlined above must be followed. Lastly, the propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense in
any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel