HomeMy WebLinkAbout10-629 Starr
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 16, 2010
Dona L. Starr
rd
53 West 33 Street
Reading, PA 19606
10-629
Dear Ms. Starr:
This responds to your letter dated October 28, 2010, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any prohibitions or restrictions upon a township
supervisor as to participating in discussions or votes by the township board of
supervisors pertaining to a fire company when: (1) in September 2010, the supervisor’s
spouse, through a business, performed concrete work for the fire company; (2) such
work was completed; (3) the supervisor’s spouse was paid $7,500 for such work; and
(4) the supervisor’s spouse will not be paid any more money for such work.
Facts:
As a Supervisor for Exeter Township (“Township”), located in Berks
County, Pennsylvania, you request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission based upon submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
You state that in September 2010, your husband, through S&S Concrete (“S&S”),
performed concrete work for the Exeter Township Fire Company (“Fire Company”).
Your husband was paid $7,500.00 for such work, and he realized a personal net gain of
$3,250.00. You state that the aforesaid concrete work was completed and that your
husband will not be paid any more money for such work.
You state that since the aforesaid concrete work for the Fire Company was
completed, you have abstained from participating in discussions or votes on issues
involving the Fire Company and have not signed any checks for the Fire Company. You
further state that you resigned from the Fire Advisory Task Board, a volunteer
committee.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether you would have a
conflict of interest with regard to participating in discussions or votes by the Township
Board of Supervisors pertaining to the Fire Company.
Starr, 10-629
December 16, 2010
Page 2
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Township Supervisor, you are a public official as that term is defined in the
Ethics Act, and therefore you are subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a)Conflict of interest.--
No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j)Voting conflict.--
Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three-member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
Starr, 10-629
December 16, 2010
Page 3
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family."
A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business."
Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self-employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
"Financial interest."
Any financial interest in a legal
entity engaged in business for profit which comprises more
than 5% of the equity of the business or more than 5% of the
assets of the economic interest in indebtedness.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office/employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official/public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
If a business with which the public official/public employee or immediate family
member is associated or a private customer/client would have a matter pending before
the governmental body, the public official/public employee would generally have a
conflict of interest as to such matter. Kannebecker, Opinion 92-010; Miller, Opinion 89-
024. A reasonable and legitimate expectation that a business relationship will form may
also support a finding of a conflict of interest. Amato, Opinion 89-002.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, a public official/public employee would
be required to abstain from participation, which would include voting unless one of the
statutory exceptions of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would be applicable.
Additionally, the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would have
to be satisfied in the event of a voting conflict.
Starr, 10-629
December 16, 2010
Page 4
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised that S&S is a business with which your husband is associated to the extent that
he is a director, officer, owner, or employee of S&S or has a financial interest in S&S.
Subject to the statutory exclusions to the definition of “conflict” or “conflict of interest” as
set forth in the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act, you would have a conflict of interest in matters before the Township Board of
Supervisors that would financially impact you, your husband, a business with which your
husband is associated, or the customer(s)/client(s) of a business with which your
husband is associated. As a general rule, a conflict would not exist as to former
customer(s)/client(s), but under certain circumstances, a conflict could exist as to a
former customer/client depending upon factors such as the number of prior business
transactions involving the given customer/client and the period of time over which such
occurred. Kannebecker, supra; Yorczyk, Advice 07-506.
Based upon the submitted facts that the concrete work performed by your
husband through S&S for the Fire Company in September 2010 was completed, your
husband was paid $7,500.00 for such work, and he will not be paid any more money for
such work, you are advised as follows. Subject to the conditions that: (1) there would
be no reasonable expectation of a business relationship forming again between your
husband/a business with which your husband is associated and the Fire Company; and
(2) there would be no other basis for a conflict of interest under the Ethics Act, you
would not have a conflict of interest pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with
regard to participating in discussions or votes by the Township Board of Supervisors
pertaining to the Fire Company.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion:
As a Supervisor for Exeter Township (“Township”), located in Berks
County, Pennsylvania, you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. S&S
Concrete (“S&S”) is a business with which your husband is associated to the extent that
he is a director, officer, owner, or employee of S&S or has a financial interest in S&S.
Subject to the statutory exclusions to the definition of “conflict” or “conflict of interest” as
set forth in the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act, you would have a conflict of interest in matters before the Township Board of
Supervisors that would financially impact you, your husband, a business with which your
husband is associated, or the customer(s)/client(s) of a business with which your
husband is associated. As a general rule, a conflict would not exist as to former
customer(s)/client(s), but under certain circumstances, a conflict could exist as to a
former customer/client depending upon factors such as the number of prior business
transactions involving the given customer/client and the period of time over which such
occurred.
Based upon the submitted facts that the concrete work performed by your
husband through S&S for the Fire Company in September 2010 was completed, your
husband was paid $7,500.00 for such work, and he will not be paid any more money for
such work, you are advised as follows. Subject to the conditions that: (1) there would
be no reasonable expectation of a business relationship forming again between your
husband/a business with which your husband is associated and the Fire Company; and
(2) there would be no other basis for a conflict of interest under the Ethics Act, you
would not have a conflict of interest pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with
regard to participating in discussions or votes by the Township Board of Supervisors
pertaining to the Fire Company. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only
been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Starr, 10-629
December 16, 2010
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such
.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel