HomeMy WebLinkAbout10-562 Fochtman
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 2, 2010
Michele Fochtman
589 Hays Mill Road
Meyersdale, PA 15552
10-562
Dear Ms. Fochtman:
This responds to your letter dated January 28, 2010, received February 8, 2010,
by which you requested advice from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibitions or restrictions upon a school
director, whose school district is one of eight school districts participating in a
technology center, with regard to applying for a job at the technology center.
Facts:
You request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
based upon submitted facts, the material portion of which may be fairly summarized as
follows.
You are a recently elected School Director for the Berlin Brothersvalley School
District. You are also a teacher at Salisbury-Elk Lick School District.
The Somerset County Technology Center (“Technology Center”) has eight
participating school districts that utilize the Technology Center’s facilities and
instruction. Each participating school district selects a representative and an alternate
to serve on the Joint Operating Committee of the Technology Center. It is
administratively noted that per the Technology Center’s website, the Berlin
Brothersvalley School District is one of the eight school districts that participate in the
Technology Center.
You seek an advisory as to whether the Ethics Act would impose any prohibitions
or restrictions upon you with regard to applying for a job at the Technology Center.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
Fochtman, 10-562
April 2, 2010
Page 2
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a School Director for the Berlin Brothersvalley School District, you are a public
official as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and therefore you are subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a)Conflict of interest.--
No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j)Voting conflict.--
Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three-member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
Fochtman, 10-562
April 2, 2010
Page 3
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office/employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official/public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official/public employee would
be required to abstain fully from participation. The abstention requirement would not be
limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office, including, but
not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result.
Juliante, Order 809.
Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting conflict,
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the public official/public employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from acting in your
private capacity to apply for an employment position with the Technology Center.
However, at such times as you would be employed by the Technology Center or would
have a reasonable expectation of becoming employed by the Technology Center,
pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would have a conflict of interest in
your public capacity as a School Director in matters pertaining to the selection of a
representative and/or alternate from the Berlin Brothersvalley School District to serve on
the Joint Operating Committee of the Technology Center. This would be due to the fact
that the Joint Operating Committee would exercise authority over you as an employee
of the Technology Center. Cf., Arnold, Advice 09-502; Genard, Advice 07-601.
As noted above, in each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required
to abstain fully from participation and in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain fully
and satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion:
As a School Director for the Berlin Brothersvalley School District,
you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Based upon the facts that the Berlin
Brothersvalley School District is one of eight participating school districts that utilize the
facilities and instruction of the Somerset County Technology Center (“Technology
Center”), each participating school district selects a representative and an alternate to
serve on the Joint Operating Committee of the Technology Center, and you are
Fochtman, 10-562
April 2, 2010
Page 4
interested in applying for an employment position with the Technology Center, you are
advised as follows. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from acting
in your private capacity to apply for an employment position with the Technology
Center. However, at such times as you would be employed by the Technology Center
or would have a reasonable expectation of becoming employed by the Technology
Center, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would have a conflict of
interest in your public capacity as a School Director in matters pertaining to the
selection of a representative and/or alternate from the Berlin Brothersvalley School
District to serve on the Joint Operating Committee of the Technology Center. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain fully from participation
and in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain fully and satisfy the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such
.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel