HomeMy WebLinkAbout10-556 Taylor
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 25, 2010
Maribeth Taylor
McKees Rocks Borough Council Member
1215 Holmes Street
McKees Rocks, PA 15136
10-556
Dear Ms. Taylor:
This responds to your undated letter received January 6, 2010, and your letter
dated January 26, 2010, by which you requested an advisory from the Pennsylvania
State Ethics Commission.
Issue:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibitions or restrictions upon a member of
a borough council, who plans to seek election to the Pennsylvania House of
Representatives beginning in May 2010, and who serves on the board of a non-profit
community development corporation, with regard to working in a full-time or part-time
paid position with the community development corporation.
Facts:
As a Member of Council for McKees Rocks Borough (“the Borough”), you
request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission based upon
submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
You state that you plan to seek election to the Pennsylvania House of
Representatives (“House”) beginning in May 2010.
You state that for the past two years, you have served on the board of a non-
profit corporation named “McKees Rocks Community Development Corporation” (“the
CDC”), having been appointed by the Borough Mayor to a non-executive/non-officer
position. You have submitted a copy of the CDC’s Articles of Incorporation, which
document is incorporated herein by reference.
You state that you have been asked to consider a paid position working for the
CDC in the residential revitalization area. The position would involve making new
contacts, researching available funds, and instituting programs and plans to redevelop
the community’s residential areas. You state that many of the position’s duties would
involve the same activities that you have already been performing as a concerned
resident of the community. You state that it would be your choice as to whether the
position would be full-time or part-time.
Taylor, 10-556
March 25, 2010
Page 2
You state that the Borough was not involved in the formation of the CDC. You
further state that the position being offered to you would not be a Borough job, but
rather, would be a job working directly for the CDC.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether, pursuant to the Ethics
Act, you would be permitted to accept the aforesaid position of employment with the
CDC while continuing to serve as a Borough Council Member and seeking election to
the House.
Discussion:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is further initially noted that this advisory is limited to addressing the narrow
question that you have posed.
As a Borough Council Member, you are a public official subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a)Conflict of interest.--
No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j)Voting conflict.--
Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three-member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
Taylor, 10-556
March 25, 2010
Page 3
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment."
The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business."
Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self-employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated."
Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official/public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office/employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official/public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
A non-profit entity is a “business” as that term is defined by the Ethics Act.
Rendell v. State Ethics Commission, Pa. , 983 A.2d 708 (2009).
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official/public employee would
be required to abstain fully from participation. The abstention requirement would not be
limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office, including, but
not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result.
Juliante, Order 809.
Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting conflict,
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the public official/public employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes.
Taylor, 10-556
March 25, 2010
Page 4
In applying the provisions of the Ethics Act to the question you have posed, it is
noted that Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act does not prohibit public officials/public
employees from having outside business activities or employment; however, the public
official/public employee may not use the authority of his public position--or confidential
information obtained by being in that position--for the advancement of his own private
pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion
89-011. Examples of conduct that would be prohibited under Section 1103(a) would
include: (1) the pursuit of a private business opportunity in the course of public action,
Metrick, Order 1037; (2) the use of governmental facilities, such as governmental
telephones, postage, equipment, research materials, or other property, or the use of
governmental personnel, to conduct private business activities, Freind, Order 800;
Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in an official capacity as to matters involving the
business with which the public official/public employee is associated in his private
capacity or private client(s). Miller, Opinion 89-024; Kannebecker, Opinion 92-010. A
reasonable and legitimate expectation that a business relationship will form may also
support a finding of a conflict of interest. Amato, Opinion 89-002. In each instance of a
conflict of interest, the public official/public employee would be required to abstain from
participation, and in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain and fully satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Based upon the submitted facts, you are advised as follows. The CDC would be
considered a “business” as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. Rendell, supra.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from accepting full-time or part-
time employment with the CDC in your private capacity while continuing to serve as a
Borough Council Member and seeking election to the House. However, to the extent
you would be a director, officer, or employee of the CDC, the CDC would be a business
with which you are associated, and pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you
generally would have a conflict of interest in matters before Borough Council that would
financially impact you or the CDC. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would
be required to abstain from participation, and in the instance of a voting conflict, to
abstain and fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion:
As a Member of Council for McKees Rocks Borough (“the
Borough”), you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act (“Ethics Act”), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 et seq. Based upon the
submitted facts that: (1) you plan to seek election to the Pennsylvania House of
Representatives (“House”) beginning in May 2010; (2) for the past two years, you have
served on the board of a non-profit corporation named “McKees Rocks Community
Development Corporation” (“the CDC”), having been appointed by the Borough Mayor
to a non-executive/non-officer position; (3) you have been asked to consider a full-time
or part-time paid position working for the CDC in the residential revitalization area; (4)
the position would involve making new contacts, researching available funds, and
instituting programs and plans to redevelop the community’s residential areas; (5) the
Borough was not involved in the formation of the CDC; and (6) the position being
offered to you would not be a Borough job, but rather, would be a job working directly
for the CDC, you are advised as follows.
Under the submitted facts, the CDC would be considered a “business” as that
term is defined in the Ethics Act. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit
you from accepting full-time or part-time employment with the CDC in your private
capacity while continuing to serve as a Borough Council Member and seeking election
to the House. However, to the extent you would be a director, officer, or employee of
Taylor, 10-556
March 25, 2010
Page 5
the CDC, the CDC would be a business with which you are associated, and pursuant to
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you generally would have a conflict of interest in
matters before Borough Council that would financially impact you or the CDC. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from participation, and
in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain and fully satisfy the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel