HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-551 CordivariLouis Cordivari, Jr.
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation
7000 Geerdes Boulevard
King of Prussia, PA 19406
Dear Mr. Cordivari:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 18, 2009
09 -551
This responds to your letter dated April 10, 2009, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any restrictions upon employment of a
Transportation Construction Manager 1 following termination of service with the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT ").
Facts: You request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
regarding the post- employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts
that may be fairly summarized as follows.
At the time that you submitted your inquiry, you were employed as a
Transportation Construction Manager 1 with PennDOT in Engineering District 6 -0
( "District 6 -0 "). Copies of your official PennDOT position description and the job
classification specifications for the position of Transportation Construction Manager 1
(job code 10640) have been obtained and are incorporated herein by reference.
You stated that you intended to retire from PennDOT on April 17, 2009. You
stated that you planned to begin working as a consultant for the District 6 -0 Permit
Manager on May 4, 2009. You stated that you would be performing transition duties
and attending job site meetings. You further stated that compensation for your position
would come only from "Construction /Developer Reimbursables" and not from
Commonwealth funds.
In a telephone conversation on May 13, 2009, you indicated that you were not
yet working as a consultant for the District 6 -0 Permit Manager.
You seek guidance as to whether the Ethics Act would prohibit or restrict you
from working as a consultant for the District 6 -0 Permit Manager.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
Cordivari, 09 -551
May 18, 2009
Page 2
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Transportation Construction Manager 1 for PennDOT, you would be
considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1; Kandrack,
Advice 92 -607. This conclusion is based upon the position description and the job
classification specifications, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicate clearly
that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature
with respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; administering or
monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or zoning; inspecting; licensing; regulating;
auditing; or other activity(ies) where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on
the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon retiring from PennDOT, you would become a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
Cordivari, 09 -551
May 18, 2009
Page 3
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/
public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of service
with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of your employment with PennDOT would be PennDOT in
its entirety, including but not limited to District 6 -0. Therefore, for the first year following
termination of your employment with PennDOT, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
apply and restrict "representation" of a "person," including yourself as a consultant,
before PennDOT with promised or actual compensation. See, Shaub, Order 1242.
Cordivari, 09 -551
May 18, 2009
Page 4
Turning to your specific inquiry, you are advised that during the first year
following termination of your employment with PennDOT, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics
Act would prohibit you from working as a paid consultant for the District 6 -0 Permit
Manager. Performance of such consulting services would necessarily involve prohibited
representation before your former governmental body (for example, through personal
appearances before your former governmental body or the submission of written
documents containing your name to your former governmental body). See, Shaub,
supra; Confidential Opinion, 97 -008; Confidential Opinion, 93 -005.
Parenthetically, it is noted that Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not
prohibit a former public employee from returning to work for the Commonwealth as an
annuitant pursuant to 71 Pa.C.S. § 5706(A.1). See, e.q., Graves, Opinion 00 -009;
McGlathery, Opinion 00 -004.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public official /public
employee and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment
of the public official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made
to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any
transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code
of Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Transportation Construction Manager 1 for the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT "), you would be considered a "public
employee" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act'), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa.
Code § 11.1 et seq. Upon termination of employment with PennDOT, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The
former governmental body would be PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to
Engineering District 6 -0 `"District 6-0"). For the first ear following termination of your
employment with PennDOT, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict
"representation" of a "person," including yourself as a consultant, before PennDOT with
promised or actual compensation. Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you
from working as a paid consultant for the District 6 -0 Permit Manager during the first
year following termination of your employment with PennDOT. The restrictions as to
representation outlined above must be followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Cordivari, 09 -551
May 18, 2009
Page 5
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel