HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-544 MagnussonGeir Magnusson
4052 Lisburn Road
Mechanicsburg, PA 17055
Dear Mr. Magnusson:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 1, 2009
09 -544
This responds to your letter dated March 20, 2009, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether as a member of a township planning commission, you would be
considered a "public official" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
("Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission, and particularly, the requirements for filing Statements of Financial
Interests.
Facts: You seek a determination as to whether, in your capacity as a Member of
the Lower Allen Township Planning Commission ( "Planning Commission "), you are a
"public official" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. §1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. You specifically question
whether you are required to file Statements of Financial Interests. You have submitted
the following facts.
You state that "[t]he commission is an advisory board with no decision power.
We are unpaid but do receive reimbursement for approximate costs, $275." March 20,
2009, Advisory Request Letter of Magnusson, at paragraph 1.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
The Ethics Act defines the term "public official" as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Public official." Any person elected by the public or
elected or appointed by a governmental body or an
Magnusson, 09 -544
May 1, 2009
Page 2
appointed official in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of this Commonwealth or any political subdivision
thereof, provided that it shall not include members of
advisory boards that have no authority to expend public
funds other than reimbursement for personal expense or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or any political
subdivision thereof.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
The regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define the term "public
official" and set forth the following additional criteria:
(i) The following criteria will be used to determine if
the exception in this paragraph is applicable:
(A) The body will be deemed to have the power to
expend public funds if the body may commit funds or may
otherwise make payment of moneys, enter into contracts,
invest funds held in reserves, make loans or grants, borrow
money, issue bonds, employ staff, purchase, lease, acquire
or sell real or personal property without the consent or
approval of the governing body and the effect of the power to
expend public funds has a greater than de minimis economic
impact on the interest of a person.
(B) The body will be deemed to have the authority to
otherwise exercise the power of the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision if one of the following exists:
(I) The body makes binding decisions or orders
adjudicating substantive issues which are appealable to a
body or person other than the governing authority.
(II) The body exercises a basic power of government
and performs essential governmental functions.
(III) The governing authority is bound by statute or
ordinance to accept and enforce the rulings of the body.
(IV) The body may compel the governing authority to
act in accordance with the body's decisions or restrain the
governing authority from acting contrary to the body's
decisions.
(V) The body makes independent decisions which
are effective without approval of the governing authority.
(VI) The body may adopt, amend and repeal
resolutions, rules, regulations or ordinances.
(VII) The body has the power of eminent domain or
condemnation.
(VIII)The enabling legislation of the body indicates
that the body is established for exercising public powers of
the Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
Magnusson, 09 -544
May 1, 2009
Page 3
(ii) The term does not include judges and inspectors
of elections, notary publics and political party officers.
(iii) The term generally includes persons in the
following offices:
(A) Incumbents of offices filled by nomination of the
Governor and confirmation of the Senate.
(B) Heads of executive, legislative and independent
agencies, boards and commissions.
(C) Members of agencies, boards and commissions
appointed by the General Assembly or its officers.
(D) Persons appointed to positions designated as
officers by the Commonwealth or its political subdivisions.
(E) Members of municipal, industrial development,
housing, parking and similar authorities.
(F) Members of zoning hearing boards and similar
quasi - judicial bodies.
(G) Members of the public bodies meeting the
criteria in paragraph (i)(A).
51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
In applying the Ethics Act's definition of the term "public official," the first portion
of the definition provides that a public official is a person who: (1) is elected by the
public; (2) is elected or appointed by a governmental body; or (3) is an appointed official
in the executive, legislative, or judicial branch of the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision of the Commonwealth. Muscalus, Opinion 02 -007. When the first portion of
the definition is met, status as a public official subject to the Ethics Act is established,
unless the exclusion for members of purely advisory boards is applicable. Eiben,
Opinion 04 -002.
In applying the definition of "public official" in the instant matter, the necessary
conclusion is that you would fall within the statutory exclusion for members of purely
advisory boards lacking authority to expend public funds other than reimbursement for
personal expense or to otherwise exercise the power of the State or a political
subdivision. This conclusion is based upon your factual submissions that "[the
commission is an advisory board with no decision power. We are unpaid but do receive
reimbursement for approximate costs, $275." March 20, 2009, Advisory Request Letter
of Magnusson, at paragraph 1.
Therefore, based upon the submitted facts, the necessary conclusion is that in
your capacity as a Member of the Planning Commission, you are not a "public official"
as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. Cf., McGlynn, Advice 08 -554;
Peirce /Hess /Hollister /Oltmann, Advice 06 -501. Thus, you are not subject to the
disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act, and you are not required to file Statements of
Financial Interests.
The only provision of the Ethics Act that applies to you is Section 1103(b), which
applies to everyone. For your information, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics
Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public official /public employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept
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May 1, 2009
Page 4
anything of monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official /public employee would be influenced thereby.
Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will
be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that: (1) you are a Member of the
Lower Allen Township Planning Commission ( "the Planning Commission "); (2) the
Planning Commission is an advisory board with no decision - making power; and (3) the
Members of the Planning Commission receive reimbursement for expenses but are not
paid, you are advised that in your capacity as a Member of the Planning Commission,
you are not a "public official" as that term is defined by the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "). Accordingly, in that capacity, you are not subject to the
disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act, and you are not required to file Statements of
Financial Interests. Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act applies to everyone. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel