HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-536 FisherEvalyn L. Fisher
403 Boas Street
Harrisburg, PA 17102
Dear Ms. Fisher:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 3, 2009
09 -536
This responds to your correspondence dated February 20, 2009, by which you
requested an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any restrictions upon employment of the Director
of the Bureau of Plans within the Pennsylvania Emergency Management Agency
( "PEMA ") following termination of Commonwealth employment.
Facts: You request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
regarding the post- employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts
that may be fairly summarized as follows.
You are currently employed as the Director of the Bureau of Plans ( "Bureau ")
within PEMA. You have submitted copies of your official job description and an
organization chart for PEMA, both of which documents are incorporated herein by
reference. It is noted that the class title of your position is Emergency Management
Director of Plans. A copy of the job classification specifications for your current position
(job code 76165) has been obtained and is also incorporated herein by reference.
It is noted that per your official PEMA job description, you represent the Director
of PEMA on the Farm Safety and Occupational Health Advisory Board, the Attorney
General's Arson Task Force, and selected interagency task forces and committees.
Job Description, at 1, 3.
You state that the Director of the Bureau is responsible for the coordination of all
hazards planning and maintains the State Emergency Operations Plan and the State
Homeland Security Strategy. You state that the Director of the Bureau also has
programmatic lead on application(s) for annual federal homeland security funds for nine
regional task forces ( "the Task Forces "), two Urban Areas Security Initiatives ( "the
UASIs "), and a score of state agencies.
Fisher, 09 -536
April 3, 2009
Page 2
You have been offered employment as the first executive director of the
Southeast Pennsylvania Regional Task Force, which is one of the Task Forces and
UASIs referenced above. You state that in your new role, you would need to be in
regular contact with PEMA to stay abreast of grants management requirements,
programmatic developments and planning initiatives that involve the Task Forces and
the UASIs, and that you would need to be able to ask questions of PEMA to gain
clarification on issues. You state that you would like to be of some assistance to PEMA
and the other Task Forces - -with the permission of your executive board - -when it comes
to task force development, regional plans, and best practices.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether the
Ethics Act would impose any restrictions upon you with regard to your proposed
employment as the first executive director of the Southeast Pennsylvania Regional Task
Force.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As the Director of the Bureau, you would be considered a "public employee"
subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65
Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description
and the job classification specifications, which when reviewed on an objective basis,
indicate clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non -
ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the following: contracting;
procurement; administering or monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or zoning;
inspecting; licensing; regulating; auditing; or other activity(ies) where the economic
impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of your employment with PEMA, you would
become a "former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
Fisher, 09 -536
April 3, 2009
Page 3
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/
public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of service
with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
Fisher, 09 -536
April 3, 2009
Page 4
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been
associated upon termination of Commonwealth employment, hereinafter collectively
referred to as your "former governmental body," would be PEMA in its entirety, and all
boards, task forces, committees and the like on which you served in your official
capacity, including but not limited to the Farm Safety and Occupational Health Advisory
Board and the Attorney General's Arson Task Force. Therefore, for the first year
following termination of your employment with PEMA, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act
would apply to restrict you from engaging in conduct that would constitute the
representation of a "person," with promised or actual compensation, before your "former
governmental body" as delineated above.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, you are
advised as follows. The Ethics Act would not prohibit you from accepting employment
as the first executive director of the Southeast Pennsylvania Regional Task Force.
However, during the first year following termination of your employment with PEMA,
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from performing any activities that
would involve prohibited representation before your "former governmental body" as set
forth above. You are advised that it would appear to be impossible, as a practical
matter, for you to perform some of the duties of the proposed executive director position
without running afoul of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public official /public
employee and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of
monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment
of the public official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made
to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any
transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Governor's Code
of Conduct.
Conclusion: As the Director of the Bureau of Plans within the Pennsylvania
Emergency anagement Agency ("PEMA"), you would be considered a "public
employee'�subjject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act'), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. Upon
termination of your employment with PEMA, you would become a "former public
employee" subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The
governmental body with which you would be deemed to have been associated upon
Fisher, 09 -536
April 3, 2009
Page 5
termination of such employment, hereinafter collectively referred to as your "former
governmental body," would be PEMA in its entirety, and all boards, task forces,
committees and the like on which you served in your official capacity, including but not
limited to the Farm Safety and Occupational Health Advisory Board and the Attorney
General's Arson Task Force. Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply to restrict
you from engaging in conduct that would constitute the representation of a "person,"
with promised or actual compensation, before your "former governmental body" as
delineated above. The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be
followed. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under
the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel