HomeMy WebLinkAbout09-507 BitzKevin Bitz
1509 Dogwood Drive
Reading, PA 19609
Dear Mr. Bitz:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 6, 2009
09 -507
This responds to your letter of January 5, 2009, by which you requested advice
from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would permit an Environmental Collection System Manager for
a township to seek election as a supervisor for the township; and if said individual would
be elected as a township supervisor, whether the Ethics Act would impose any
prohibitions or restrictions upon him with regard to participating in matters pertaining to
his employment with the township or the individual(s) who would exercise authority over
him with respect to his employment with the township.
Facts: You have requested an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics
C ommission based upon submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
You are currently employed as the Environmental Collection System Manager for
the Township of Spring ( "Township "), located in Berks County, Pennsylvania.
You previously served as a Township Supervisor from 1982 to 2003. Since
approximately 2005, you have been employed in your current position with the
Township. You have submitted a copy of the job description for your position as
Environmental Collection System Manager, which document is incorporated herein by
reference.
Per the submitted job description, the duties and responsibilities of the
Environmental Collection System Manager include: (1) providing supervision,
coordination and administration for all aspects of the Waste Water Collection System;
(2) providing administration of the Township recycling programs; (3) performing analysis
of Sewer Department ( "the Department ") operations in order to provide the Public
Works Director with projected trends and the ramifications of expected changes; (4)
monitoring and managing the fiscal operations of the Department; (5) preparing and/or
coordinating the preparation of applications for public works grants and loans; (6)
obtaining bid proposals and price quotations; (7) negotiating, drafting and administering
all contractual agreements and managing the work of contractors and consultants; (8)
Bitz, 09 -507
February 6, 2009
Page 2
recommending short and long range plans and goals for the Department; and (9)
working with the Public Works Director and Township Treasurer on trash and recycling
contracts and grants.
It is administratively noted that per the submitted job description, the
Environmental Collections System Manager reports to the Roadmaster /Public Works
Director.
The Township is governed by a five - member Board of Supervisors. You state
that you are considering running for office as a Township Supervisor in the 2009
election.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would
permit you to seek election as a Township Supervisor.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As the Environmental Collection System Manager for the Township, you would
be considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This
conclusion is based upon the job description, which when reviewed on an objective
basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a
non - ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the following: contracting;
procurement; administering or monitoring grants or subsidies; planning or zoning;
inspecting; licensing; regulating; auditing; or other activity(ies) where the economic
impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
If you would be elected as a Township Supervisor, upon assuming said position,
you would in that capacity be a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
Bitz, 09 -507
February 6, 2009
Page 3
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official /public employee would
be required to abstain fully from participation. The abstention requirement would not be
limited merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office, including, but
not limited to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result.
Juliante, Order 809.
Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting conflict,
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the public official /public employee to abstain
Bitz, 09 -507
February 6, 2009
Page 4
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes. In the event
that the required abstention results in the inability of the governmental body to take
action because a majority is unattainable due to the abstention(s) from conflict under
the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted
above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion 02 -005.
Having established the above general principles, you are advised as follows.
The Ethics Act would not prohibit you from seeking election as a Township
Supervisor. If you would be elected as a Township Supervisor, you generally would
have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in matters pertaining
to your employment with the Township or to individual(s) who would exercise authority
over you with respect to your employment as the Environmental Collection System
Manager.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain fully
from participation. The abstention requirement would not be limited to voting, but rather
would extend to any use of authority of office. In each instance of a voting conflict, you
would be required to abstain fully and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The ropriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Second Class Township
Code.
Conclusion: As the Environmental Collection System Manager for the Township
of Spring ( "Township "), located in Berks County, Pennsylvania, you are a public
employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
("Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. If you would be elected as a Township
Supervisor, upon assuming said position, you would in that capacity be a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. The Ethics Act would not prohibit you from
seeking election as a Township Supervisor. If you would be elected as a Township
Supervisor, you generally would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act in matters pertaining to your employment with the Township or to
individual(s) who would exercise authority over you with respect to your employment as
the Environmental Collection System Manager. In each instance of a conflict of interest,
you would be required to abstain fully from participation. The abstention requirement
would not be limited to voting, but rather would extend to any use of authority of office.
In each instance of a voting conflict, you would be required to abstain fully and to satisfy
the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Bitz, 09 -507
February 6, 2009
Page 5
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel