HomeMy WebLinkAbout08-572 MooreGary Moore
Borough of Shickshinny
Borough Building
35 W. Union Street
Shickshinny, PA 18655
Dear Mr. Moore:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 25, 2008
08 -572
This responds to your letter of July 22, 2008, by which you requested advice from
the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would impose any prohibitions or restrictions upon a borough
mayor's spouse with regard to serving as an alternate for the borough's zoning hearing
board.
Facts: You have requested an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission based upon the following submitted facts.
Your wife is the Mayor of Shickshinny Borough ( "Borough "), located in Luzerne
County, Pennsylvania. Your wife is paid $50.00 per month for her service as Borough
Mayor.
You state that Borough Council needs to appoint someone to serve in the unpaid
position of alternate for the Borough Zoning Hearing Board. You state that Borough
Council has voted to appoint you to the aforesaid position subject to the condition that
your service in such position would not transgress the Ethics Act. You further state that
your service in such position would not financially benefit you or your wife.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would
permit you to serve as an alternate for the Borough Zoning Hearing Board.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
Moore, 08 -572
August 25, 2008
Page 2
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflicts of interest are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Moore, 08 -572
August 25, 2008
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of the public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
In each instance of a voting conflict, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the
public official /public employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and
reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the
person recording the minutes. In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due
to the abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible
provided the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion
02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows. The Ethics Act would not prohibit you from serving as an alternate
for the Borough Zoning Hearing Board while your wife is serving as Borough Mayor.
Upon assuming the position of an alternate for the Borough Zoning Hearing Board, you
would become a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act (see, Forrest,
Order 1230; Armitage, Order 1141), and pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act,
you would generally have a conflict of interest in matters before the Borough Zoning
Hearing Board that would financially impact you, a member of your immediate family
such as your wife, or a business with which you or a member of your immediate family
is associated. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain
fully from participation and in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain fully and satisfy
the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The ropriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: The Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would not prohibit you from serving as an alternate for the
Zoning Hearing Board of the Borough of Shickshinny ( "Borough ") while your wife is
serving as Borough Mayor. Upon assuming the position of an alternate for the Borough
Zoning Hearing Board, you would become a public official subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Act, and pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would generally
have a conflict of interest in matters before the Borough Zoning Hearing Board that
would financially impact you, a member of your immediate family such as your wife, or a
business with which you or a member of your immediate family is associated. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain fully from participation
and in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain fully and satisfy the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Moore, 08 -572
August 25, 2008
Page 4
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel