HomeMy WebLinkAbout1465 BrownIn Re: Roberta Brown,
Respondent
File Docket:
X -ref:
Date Decided:
Date Mailed:
Before: Louis W. Fryman, Chair
John J. Bolger, Vice Chair
Donald M. McCurdy
Raquel K. Bergen
Nicholas A. Colafella
06 -051
Order No. 1465
4/28/08
5/15/08
This is a final adjudication of the State Ethics Commission.
Procedurally, the Investigative Division of the State Ethics Commission conducted
an investigation regarding a possible violation of the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., by the above -named Respondent. At the
commencement of its investigation, the Investigative Division served upon Respondent
written notice of the specific allegations. Upon completion of its investigation, the
Investigative Division issued and served upon Respondent a Findings Report identified as
an "Investigative Complaint." An Answer was filed and a hearing was requested. A
Stipulation of Findings and a Consent Agreement waiving an evidentiary hearing were
subsequently submitted by the parties to the Commission for consideration. The
Stipulated Findings are set forth as the Findings in this Order. The Consent Agreement
has been approved.
This adjudication of the State Ethics Commission is issued under the Ethics Act and
will be made available as a public document thirty days after the mailing date noted above.
However, reconsideration may be requested. Any reconsideration request must be
received at this Commission within thirty days of the mailing date and must include a
detailed explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted in
conformity with 51 Pa. Code § 21.29(b). A request for reconsideration will not affect the
finality of this adjudication but will defer its public release pending action on the request by
the Commission.
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance with the Ethics Act. Any
person who violates such confidentiality commits a misdemeanor and, upon conviction,
may be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than one
year. Confidentiality does not preclude discussing this case with an attorney at law.
Brown, 06 -051
Page 2
I. ALLEGATIONS:
That Roberta Brown, a public official /public employee in [her] capacity as Division
Chief for the Bureau of Career and Technical Education of the Pennsylvania Department
of Education, violated Section 1103(a) of the State Ethics Act (Act 93 of 1998), 65 Pa.C.S.
§1103(a), when she used the authority of her public position for the private pecuniary gain
of herself and /or members of her immediate family when she approved the hiring of her
daughter as an employee of the Department of Education; when as a member of the
Department of Education Advisory Committee she recommended and approved her
husband's company to provide services to a recipient of a Department of Education
Grantee [sic]; and when she approved the hiring of her husband as a consultant for the
Department of Education's Professional Development Committee.
II. FINDINGS:
1. Roberta Brown was employed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department
of Education from May 21, 1990, through July 8, 2006.*
a. Roberta Brown held the position of Vocational Education Service Manager
for the Pennsylvania Department of Education, Bureau of Career and
Technical Education from approximately July 13, 2002, until her retirement
on July 8, 2006.*
* [Cf., Fact Finding 3a. The specific date of Brown's termination of Commonwealth
employment in July 2006 is not material to our disposition of this matter.]
b. Brown also had the position of Vocational Home Economics Education
Advisor... to a Vocational Education Service Manager in the Bureau of
Career and Technical Education from July 13, 2002, to July 8, 2006.
2. Roberta Brown annually filed a Statement of Financial Interests form by May 1* of
each year containing information for the prior calendar year as a Vocational Home
Economics Education Advisor and Vocational Education Services Manager.
a. Calendar Year Filing Date Stated Public Position
2001 05/13/02* General Vocational Education Advisor
2002 05/1/03 Manager Systems Delivery Division
2003 04/08/04 Manager
2004 04/25/05 Vocational Education Services Manager
2005 04/25/06 Division Chief
2006 04/10/07 Division Chief (Former)
* [sic]. [The discrepancy between the filing dates is not significant for purposes of our
disposition of this matter.]
3. Records of the Pennsylvania Department of Education include a position
description for the Vocational Education Service Manager, position code 25103.
a) Roberta Brown held this position from July 13, 2002, through July 23,
2006.*
* [Cf., Fact Finding 1 a. The specific date of Brown's termination of Commonwealth
employment in July 2006 is not material to our disposition of this matter.]
b) The position description included the following position purpose and
general job duties:
Brown, 06 -051
Page 3
Position Purpose
The Manager of the Division of Program Standards and Quality Assurance
is responsible for directing curriculum development, evaluating a local
school program performance, issuing program delivery for school districts,
career and technical education schools, chartered schools and community
colleges, to improve the delivery of career and technical education services
while managing the staff and assigned functions of the Bureau for the
Division of Program Standards and Quality Assurance."
4. The Pennsylvania Department of Education provides funding to Vocational
Technical Schools throughout the Commonwealth.
a. Grant monies are awarded on an annual basis by PDE.
b. The majority of funding for programs goes to the Dauphin County AVTS
while the majority of funding for workshops goes to the Lehigh County AVTS.
5. The Dauphin County Vocational Technical School annually received funding from
PDE as part of the PDE Curriculum Development Grant Program.
a. The Dauphin County Vocational Technical School's Business Office serves
as the grant administrator for budgetary purposes.
b. The DCVTS's role in administering this re- occurring grant allocation is to pay
invoices authorized and submitted by PDE.
1. DCVTS annually receives approximately $6,300.00 from PDE for this
service.
c. Approximately $160,000.00 is budgeted annually by PDE for this grant
program.
d. Curriculum Development Grant funds were to be used for non PDE
employee salaries and reimbursable expenses.
6. Around December 2003 the Bureau of Career and Technical Education had need
for assistance in developing a website so that information could be posted on it at a
later date.
a. Chris Weller, a Career and Technical Education Agriculture Advisor in the
Bureau of Career & Technical Education, served as the program coordinator.
b. Weller was a subordinate employee to Roberta Brown.
c. Weller had a need for some technical assistance in developing the website.
1. Weller could not locate a company to provide assistance due to the
relatively small size of the project.
7 Weller discussed his need for assistance with Roberta Brown.
a. Brown, Weller's supervisor at the time, was supportive of the idea for a
website.
b. Brown informed Weller that either the Dauphin County Vo -Tech or
Cumberland /Perry Vo -Tech could provide a student with sufficient program
background to assist with the project.
Brown, 06 -051
Page 4
c. Brown also advised that her daughter, Emily, a student at the Dauphin
County Vocational Technical School, had some computer expertise and
could also be used to assist Weller.
8. The Bureau of Career and Technical Education did not solicit any bids or proposals
for web design services in or around December 2003.
9. Weller and Emily Brown spoke by telephone and met on one occasion to discuss
the project.
a. Weller agreed to use Emily Brown.
10. On December 15, 2003, Chris Weller, John Foster and Roberta Brown signed a
Bureau of Career and Technical Education Internal Pre - Approval for Expenditures,
Dauphin County Technical School Curriculum Development Project.
a. This authorization was for $500.00 to be budgeted under the category of
"honoraria."
b. Brown signed the pre - approval as the "program coordinator's
supervisor /manager."
c. Payee is listed as Emily Brown, 103 N. 20 Street, Camp Hill, PA.
d. The stated reason for services was "design of computer program to crosslink
Ag standards to Academic Standards and lesson plans" "complete by
January 20, 2004."
11. The DCVTS plays no role in determining the nature or scope of services to be
provided through the Curriculum Development Grant Program.
a. All purchasing decisions are made by the department utilizing the services.
12. Weller had one (1) meeting with Emily Brown when the project was initiated.
a. Some communications were relayed by Weller to Emily Brown through
Roberta Brown.
13. Two (2) payments totaling $500.00 were issued to Emily Brown for services
performed pursuant to the December 15, 2003, internal pre - approval contract.
a. The actual payments were made to Emily Brown from the Dauphin County
Vocational Technical School.
b. Funding used was provided to the Dauphin County VoTech from PDE
through the curriculum development grant program.
c. PDE written authorization was required for both payments to be made.
14. On March 29, 2004, John Bonchalk, Grants Funding Advisor, Division of Contract
Administration, sent correspondence to Maria Zaharick, Business Administrator,
Dauphin County AVTS, requesting payment in the amount of $250.00 under
contract number 093 -04 -4001 to Emily Brown.
a. Chris Weller, Program Director, signed the voucher request.
Brown, 06 -051
Page 5
b. This voucher was paid by Dauphin County Technical School General Fund
check number 33369 in the amount of $250.00 issued to Emily Brown on
May 6, 2004.
c. The reverse side of the check is signed by Emily M. Brown, pay to the order
of Roberta Brown, followed by Roberta Brown's signature.
1. Emily Brown did not have an account to deposit the check.
2. Roberta Brown cashed the check and provided the funds to her
daughter.
15. On June 16, 2004, correspondence was sent from Bonchalk to Zaharick requesting
an additional $250.00 be paid to Emily M. Brown as reimbursable expenditures
under contract number 093 -04 -4001.
a. Attached voucher dated June 2, 2004, payment category 15.2260.320.960
Honoraria $250.00 signed Chris D. Weller, Program Coordinator.
b. This voucher was paid by Dauphin County Technical School General Fund
check number 33832 in the amount of $250.00 issued to Emily Brown on
June 30, 2004.
c. The reverse side of the check is signed for deposit only, Roberta Brown,
followed by the signature of Emily M. Brown.
1. Emily Brown did not have an account to deposit the check.
2. Roberta Brown deposited the checks to her account and provided the
funds to her daughter.
16. Around the end of 2003, Roberta Brown's Supervisor, John Foster, advised Brown
that family members are not to be hired in the future.
III. DISCUSSION:
At all times relevant to this matter, the Respondent, Roberta Brown (hereinafter also
referred to as "Brown "), has been a public official /public employee subject to the provisions
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
The allegations are that Brown, a Division Chief for the Bureau of Career and
Technical Education of the Pennsylvania Department of Education, violated Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act when she used the authority of her public position for the private
pecuniary gain of herself and /or members of her immediate family when she approved the
hiring of her daughter as an employee of the Department of Education; when as a member
of the Department of Education Advisory Committee she recommended and approved her
husband's company to provide services to a recipient of a Department of Education grant;
and when she approved the hiring of her husband as a consultant for the Department of
Education's Professional Development Committee.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from engaging in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
Brown, 06 -051
Page 6
interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The term "conflict of interest" is defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official /public employee from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
As noted above, the parties have submitted a Consent Agreement and Stipulation of
Findings. The parties' Stipulated Findings are set forth above as the Findings of this
Commission. We shall now summarize the relevant facts as contained therein.
Brown was employed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Education ( "Department of Education ") from May 21, 1990, through July 2006. From July
13, 2002, until her retirement in July 2006, Brown held the positions of Vocational
Education Service Manager and the Vocational Home Economics Education Advisor to a
Vocational Education Service Manager, both of which positions were within the
Department of Education, Bureau of Career and Technical Education ( "Bureau "). On her
Statement of Financial Interests filed for calendar year 2005, Brown listed her public
position as Division Chief. A portion of the position description for the position of
Vocational Education Service Manager is set forth in Fact Finding 3(b).
The Department of Education provides annual grant funding to Vocational Technical
Schools throughout the Commonwealth. The majority of funding for the Vocational
Technical programs goes to the Dauphin County Vocational Technical School ("DCVTS ").
DCTVS annually received funding as part of the Department of Education's Curriculum
Development Grant Program ( "Grant Program ").
Approximately $160,000.00 is budgeted annually by the Department of Education
for the Grant Program. The DCVTS's Business Office serves as the Grant Program
administrator for budgetary purposes. The DCVTS plays no role in determining the nature
or scope of services to be provided through the Grant Program, as all purchasing
decisions are made by the department utilizing the services. Grant Program funds
are /were to be used for employee salaries and reimbursable expenses for non - Department
of Education employees.
Brown, 06 -051
Page 7
In or about December 2003, Chris Weller ( "Weller "), a Career and Technical
Education Agriculture Advisor in the Bureau, needed technical assistance in developing a
website for the Bureau. Because of the relatively small size of the project, Weller could not
locate a company to provide assistance. The Bureau did not solicit any bids or proposals
for web design services in or around December 2003.
Weller discussed his need for assistance with Brown, who was Weller's supervisor
at the time. Brown was supportive of the idea for a website and informed Weller that either
DCVTS or the Cumberland /Perry Vo -Tech could provide him with a student with sufficient
program background to assist with the project. Brown advised Weller that Brown's
daughter, Emily Brown, a student at DCVTS, had computer expertise and could assist
Weller with developing the website. Weller and Emily Brown spoke by telephone and met
on one occasion to discuss the project. Weller agreed to use Emily Brown to assist with
the project.
On December 15, 2003, Weller, Brown, and Brown's supervisor, John Foster,
signed a Bureau of Career and Technical Education Internal Pre - Approval for
Expenditures ( "Pre- Approval Contract ") for the Dauphin County Technical School
Curriculum Development Project. The Pre - Approval Contract authorized $500.00 to be
budgeted under the category of "honoraria." Brown signed the Pre - Approval Contract as
the "program coordinator's supervisor /manager." The payee was listed as Emily Brown.
The stated reason for services was "design of computer program to crosslinkAg standards
to Academic Standards and lesson plans." The services were to be completed by January
20, 2004.
Weller and Emily Brown met on one occasion when the project was initiated. Weller
also relayed some communications to Emily Brown through Brown.
Two payments of $250.00 each were made to Emily Brown for services performed
pursuant to the Pre - Approval Contract. The actual payments were made to Emily Brown
from DCVTS, using funding provided to DCVTS from the Department of Education for the
Grant Program. Checks were issued to Emily Brown on May 6, 2004, and June 30, 2004.
The checks were negotiated by Brown, who then provided the funds to her daughter.
Having highlighted the Stipulated Findings and issues before us, we shall now apply
the Ethics Act to determine the proper disposition of this case.
The parties' Consent Agreement sets forth a proposed resolution of the allegations
as follows:
3. The Investigative Division will recommend the following in relation to
the above allegations:
a. That an unintentional violation of Section 1103(a) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law, 65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a)
occurred when Brown, in her public position, recommended
and participated in the hiring of her daughter to perform
services paid for with Department of Education Curriculum
Development grant funds; and
b. That no violations of Section 1103(a) of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Law, 65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a) occurred in
relation to the allegation that Brown recommended and
approved her husband's company to provide services to a
recipient of a Department of Education Grantee [sic] and
approving the hiring of her husband as consultant for the
Brown, 06 -051
Page 8
Department of Education, due to the actions of Brown
occurring beyond the five year statute of limitations of the
Ethics Act; and
c. That no violation of Section 1103(a) of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Law, 65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a) occurred in
relation to the allegation that Brown recommended the hiring of
her daughter for clerical services for the 2000 Governor's
Institute due to Brown's actions occurring beyond the five year
statute of limitations of the Ethics Act.
4. Brown agrees to make payment in the amount of $750.00 in
settlement of this matter payable to the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania and forwarded to the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission within thirty (30) days of the issuance of the final
adjudication in this matter.
5. The Investigative Division will recommend that the State Ethics
Commission take no further action in this matter; and make no
specific recommendations to any law enforcement or other authority
to take action in this matter. Such, however, does not prohibit the
Commission from initiating appropriate enforcement actions in the
event of Respondent's failure to comply with this agreement or the
Commission's order or cooperating with any other authority who may
so choose to review this matter further.
Consent Agreement, at 2.
In applying Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act to the stipulated facts, there were uses
of the authority of Brown's public position by Brown. But for Brown's public position with
the Department of Education, she would not have been in a position to suggest to a
subordinate employee that Brown's daughter be hired to develop a website for the Bureau.
Brown further would not have been in the position to pre- approve expenditures so that her
daughter could be paid from funding from the Grant Program. Such actions were uses of
the authority of Brown's public position by Brown (see, Juliante, Order 809). Further, Emily
Brown, Brown's daughter, is a member of Brown's immediate family as that term is defined
under the Ethics Act. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The parties have stipulated that Emily Brown received $500 as payment for services
performed pursuant to the Pre - approval Contract. We find that such amount was a private
pecuniary benefit derived as a result of Brown's aforesaid uses of the authority of her
public position.
Intent is not a requisite element for a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act.
See, e.g., Yocabet v. State Ethics Commission, 531 A.2d 536 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1987).
Nevertheless, we find that the aforesaid violation was unintentional. Based upon the facts
as stipulated by the parties, it would appear that Brown was attempting to help Weller find
assistance with the website when no company could be located due to the relatively small
size of the project. Despite Brown's lack of intent to violate the Ethics Act, Brown did in fact
use the authority of her public position for the private pecuniary benefit of her daughter, a
member of her immediate family.
We note that the Allegations reference Brown using the authority of her public
position to approve the hiring of her daughter as an employee of the Department of
Education. However, it would appear that the parties intended to refer to the hiring of Emily
Brown as an independent contractor with the Bureau.
Brown, 06 -051
Page 9
With regard to the amount of the private pecuniary benefit in this case, we are
mindful of the judicial decision in Bixler v. State Ethics Commission, 847 A.2d 785 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 2004) (holding that a net profit in the amount of $561.77 resulting from business
transactions between a township supervisor's employer and the township would fall within
the "de minimis" exclusion to the definition of "conflict of interest "). If the parties had not
determined to enter into a Consent Agreement, we might have been presented with factual
and legal issues as to whether, under the circumstances of this case, Bixler would apply as
to the payments made to Brown's daughter.
However, given: (1) that the parties have entered into a comprehensive Consent
Agreement with the benefit of legal counsel to assist them in weighing all relevant factual
and legal considerations, and (2) the parties are in agreement that a violation of Section
1103(a) as to the aforesaid payments would be appropriate as part of an overall settlement
of this case, we shall accept the parties' proposed disposition. We note that this
determination in this case based upon the agreement of the parties should not be
considered as precedent for other cases, which would be determined based upon their
facts and circumstances.
We therefore hold that an unintentional violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act occurred when Brown, in her public position, recommended and participated in the
hiring of her daughter to perform services paid for with Department of Education
Curriculum Development Grant funds.
We shall now consider the recommendation(s) of the Consent Agreement that no
violations of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act occurred in relation to the allegations that:
(1) Brown recommended and approved her husband's company to provide services to a
recipient of a Department of Education grant and approved the hiring of her husband as a
consultant for the Department of Education; and (2) Brown recommended the hiring of her
daughter for clerical services for the 2000 Governor's Institute, due to the actions of Brown
occurring beyond the five -year statute of limitations of the Ethics Act. See, 65 Pa.C.S. §
1108(m). It is administratively noted that the Stipulation of Findings contain no facts
pertaining to these particular allegations, and it is apparent that to the extent such
allegations were being pursued by the Investigative Division, the Investigative Division is
no longer pursuing them.
Per the Consent Agreement of the parties, we therefore hold that no violations of
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act occurred in relation to the allegation that Brown
recommended and approved her husband's company to provide services to a recipient of a
Department of Education grant and approved the hiring of her husband as consultant for
the Department of Education, due to the actions of Brown occurring beyond the five year
statute of limitations of the Ethics Act.
We further hold that no violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act occurred in
relation to the allegation that Brown recommended the hiring of her daughter for clerical
services for the 2000 Governor's Institute, due to Brown's actions occurring beyond the
five year statute of limitations of the Ethics Act.
As part of the Consent Agreement, Brown has agreed to make payment in the
amount of $750 payable to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and forwarded to this
Commission within 30 days of the issuance of this adjudication and Order. Although the
agreed amount of $750 to be paid by Brown is in excess of the private pecuniary benefit
noted above, the parties through counsel have determined that this is the correct amount
of restitution to be paid, and we shall accept that recommendation.
We determine that the Consent Agreement submitted by the parties sets forth the
proper disposition for this case, based upon our review as reflected in the above analysis
and the totality of the facts and circumstances.
Brown, 06 -051
Page 10
Per the Consent Agreement, Brown is directed to make payment in the amount of
$750 payable to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and forwarded to this Commission
within thirty days of the issuance of this adjudication and Order. Compliance with the
foregoing will result in the closing of this case with no further action by this Commission.
Noncompliance will result in the institution of an order enforcement action.
IV. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
1. Respondent Roberta Brown ( "Brown "), as a Vocational Education Service Manager,
Vocational Home Economics Education Advisor to a Vocational Education Service
Manager, and /or a Division Chief within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
Department of Education ( "Department of Education "), was a public official /public
employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
2. Brown unintentionally violated Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act when, in her public
position, she recommended and participated in the hiring of her daughter to perform
services paid for with Department of Education Curriculum Development Grant
funds.
3. Brown did not violate Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in relation to the allegation
that she recommended and approved her husband's company to provide services to
a recipient of a Department of Education grant and approved the hiring of her
husband as consultant for the Department of Education, due to the actions of Brown
occurring beyond the five year statute of limitations of the Ethics Act.
4. Brown did not violate Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in relation to the allegation
that she recommended the hiring of her daughter to perform clerical services for the
2000 Governor's Institute, due to Brown's actions occurring beyond the five year
statue of limitations of the Ethics Act.
In Re: Roberta Brown,
Respondent
ORDER NO. 1465
File Docket: 06 -051
Date Decided: 4/28/08
Date Mailed: 5/15/08
1. Respondent Roberta Brown ( "Brown "), a public official /public employee in her
capacity as a Vocational Education Service Manager, a Vocational Home
Economics Education Advisor to a Vocational Education Service Manager, and /or a
Division Chief within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Education
( "Department of Education "), unintentionally violated Section 1103(a) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a), when she, in
her public position, recommended and participated in the hiring of her daughter to
perform services paid for with Department of Education Curriculum Development
Grant funds.
2. Brown did not violate Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in relation to the allegation
that she recommended and approved her husband's company to provide services to
a recipient of a Department of Education grant and approved the hiring of her
husband as consultant for the Department of Education, due to the actions of Brown
occurring beyond the five year statute of limitations of the Ethics Act.
3. Brown did not violate Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in relation to the allegation
that she recommended the hiring of her daughter to perform clerical services for the
2000 Governor's Institute, due to Brown's actions occurring beyond the five year
statue of limitations of the Ethics Act.
4. Per the Consent Agreement of the parties, Brown is directed to make payment in
the amount of $750, payable to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and forwarded
to the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission within thirty days of the issuance of
this Order.
a. Compliance with the foregoing will result in the closing of this case with no
further action by this Commission.
b. Non - compliance will result in the institution of an order enforcement action.
BY THE COMMISSION,
Louis W. Fryman, Chair