HomeMy WebLinkAbout08-553 BiemillerJohn W. Biemiller, Vice President
EDC Finance Corporation
100 South Queen Street
P.O. Box 1558
Lancaster, PA 17608 -1558
Dear Mr. Biemiller:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 16, 2008
08 -553
This responds to your letters dated March 13, 2008, and April 7, 2008, and your
faxed transmission received May 9, 2008, by which you requested advice from the
Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether Michael W. Davis, Esq. ( "Mr. Davis "), in his capacity as a
Member of the Board of Directors of EDC Finance Corporation, located in Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania, would be considered a "public employee" or "public official"
subject to the requirements for filing Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
Facts: As Vice President of the EDC Finance Corporation ("EDC Finance "),
located in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, you have been authorized by Mr. Davis, a
Member of the Board of Directors of EDC Finance, to request an advisory from the
Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission on his behalf. You seek a determination as to
whether Mr. Davis, in his capacity as a Member of the EDC Finance Board of Directors,
would be required to file Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act.
You have submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
EDC Finance is a private, non - profit 501(c)(4) entity that was incor orated in
1986 by the Economic Development Company of Lancaster County ("EDC' which is
itself a private, non-profit 501 c 6 entity. You state that EDC founded EDC Finance to
administer the p
Pennsylvania Development lvania Industrial Develo ment Authorit and "PCLF" fundin g
programs in Lancaster County. EDC Finance also administers the First Industries
Fund, Small Business First, and BuildingPA programs in Lancaster County.
You state that EDC Finance is both an Industrial Development Corporation
CIDC ") and an Area Loan Organization ( "ALO ") as designated by the Pennsylvania
Department of Community and Economic Development.
You state that EDC Finance is not funded by Lancaster County or any other
municipal subdivision. However, EDC Finance contracts for staff services from EDC,
which receives membership dues from Lancaster County and several municipalities and
also receives a Pennsylvania Local Economic Development Assistance grant.
Biemiller, 08 -553
May 16, 2008
Page 2
The EDC Board of Directors elected the first EDC Finance Board of Directors.
You state that in 2007, the EDC Finance Bylaws were restructured to establish EDC
Finance as a fully separate entity from EDC. You have submitted a copy of the EDC
Finance Bylaws, amended and restated December 8, 2006, effective January 1, 2007,
and revised February 27, 2008.
You state that the EDC Finance Membership ( "the Membership ") currently
includes 28 individuals who represent four categories of organizations from across all of
Lancaster County: community organizations; government organizations; financial
entities; and businesses. You further state that the Membership is self- appointing and
is primarily charged with electing the EDC Finance Board of Directors at an annual
meeting, which Directors must be Members of EDC Finance. The Membership is also
charged with maintaining the diversity of the Membership and the Members of the
Board of Directors; avoiding conflicts of interest; and maintaining the integrity of EDC
Finance. You state that although the EDC Finance Bylaws authorize the Board of
Directors to create different classes of Members, there is currently only one
Membership group, with all Members having the same responsibilities and powers.
You have submitted a copy of a list of the Board of Directors and the
Membership of EDC Finance as of March 1, 2008, which document is incorporated
herein by reference.
It is administratively noted that the EDC Finance Bylaws provide, in pertinent
part, as follows:
Article II
em eerrs
2.01 Members. The members of EDC Finance shall
include the persons and entities that support EDC
Finance through the payment of dues and /or by other
means as determined by the Board. The Members
shall number at least 25 at all times (excluding any
employees or staff of EDC Finance that may also be
members). The membership must include (without
limitation) representatives from each of the following
groups (the "Membership Groups "):
A. Government organizations responsible for
economic development in Lancaster County,
Pennsylvania (or other areas of Pennsylvania
served by the corporation) (the "Service Area ");
B. Financial institutions that provide commercial long
term fixed asset financing in the Service Area;
C. Community organizations dedicated to economic
development in the Service Area, such as (without
limitation) chambers of commerce, foundations,
trade associations, private colleges and
universities, or small business development
centers; and
D. Businesses in the Service Area.
No person or entity may own or control more than 10
percent of the EDC Finance's voting membership....
Biemiller, 08 -553
May 16, 2008
Page 3
The Board may by resolution from time -to -time
change membership policies.
Article III
Board of Directors
3.01 Number and Qualification. The EDC Finance Board
of Directors (the "Board ") shall consist of not less than
seven directors nor more than sixteen directors as
designated by the Board from time to time. The
Board shall be chosen from the Membership, include
a diverse group of Directors from across Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania, and may include
representatives from other parts of the corporation's
Service Area. The Board shall include, but not be
limited to, representatives of at least three of the four
Membership Groups (as described in Section 2.01
above), and no one Membership Group shall control
the Board....
3.02 Term of Office. Directors shall be chosen by the
members entitled to vote thereon....
3.03 Interim Vacancies. If a seat on the Board of
Directors becomes vacant during a Director's term, a
replacement Director shall be elected by the EDC
Finance Board for the unexpired term of such
Director. Any Director filling an interim vacancy must
stand for election at the next Annual or Special
meeting of the Members, whichever comes first.
3.06 Powers. Except as provided in these Bylaws,
actions, decisions, privileges and rights not
inconsistent with the Articles of Incorporation of the
corporation shall be vested in the Board of
Directors.... Unless otherwise prohibited by these
Bylaws or applicable law, the Board of Directors have
[sicl the power to approve or deny membership in
EDC Finance.
3.08 Compensation of Directors. Directors, as such,
shall not receive any salary for their services. By
resolution of the Board, expenses of attendance, if
any, may be allowed for attendance at each regular or
special meeting of the Board. Nothing herein shall be
construed to preclude any Director from serving EDC
Finance in any other capacity and receiving
compensation therefore.
EDC Finance Bylaws, at 2 -6.
Biemiller, 08 -553
May 16, 2008
Page 4
You state that while EDC Finance has several Members and Board Members
that have ties to government funding, EDC Finance does not have access to such
government funding, and none of the aforementioned Members or Board Members
control EDC Finance.
You express your view that EDC Finance is not a governmental body or
authority. You state that Members of the EDC Finance Board of Directors are not
elected or appointed by any public body.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
The initial question to be addressed in responding to your inquiry is whether Mr.
Davis, in his capacity as a Member of the EDC Finance Board of Directors, would be
considered a "public employee" or "public official" as those terms are defined by the
Ethics Act.
In order to be a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act, an individual must
stand in an employer - employee relationship with the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision of the Commonwealth. Eiben, Opinion 04 -002; Ver Ellen, Opinion 03 -005.
Based upon the submitted facts, ED Finance is not a political subdivision because it
was formed by EDC, not by any county, city, borough, incorporated town, township,
school district, vocational school, or county institution district. Additionally, Mr. Davis, as
a Member of the EDC Finance Board of Directors, is not an employee of EDC Finance.
Therefore, in his capacity as a Member of the EDC Finance Board of Directors, Mr.
Davis would not be considered a "public employee" as that term is defined in the Ethics
Act.
The remaining question is whether Mr. Davis, in his capacity as a Member of the
EDC Finance Board of Directors, would be considered a public official subject to the
requirements for filing Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act.
The Ethics Act defines the term "public official" as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Public official." Any person elected by the public or
elected or appointed by a governmental body or an
appointed official in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of this Commonwealth or any political subdivision
thereof, provided that it shall not include members of
advisory boards that have no authority to expend public
funds other than reimbursement for personal expense or to
otherwise exercise the power of the State or any political
subdivision thereof.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The Regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define the term "public
official" and set forth additional criteria for applying the definition. 51 Pa. Code § 11.1.
Biemiller, 08 -553
May 16, 2008
Page 5
The following terms are relevant to your inquiry and are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Governmental body." Any department, authority,
commission, committee, council, board, bureau, division,
service, office, officer, administration, legislative body or
other establishment in the executive, legislative or judicial
branch of a state, a nation or a political subdivision thereof or
any agency performing a governmental function.
"Political subdivision." Any county, city, borough,
incorporated town, township, school district, vocational
school, county institution district, and any authority, entity or
body organized by the aforementioned.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
In applying the Ethics Act's definition of the term "public official," the first portion
of the definition provides that a public official is a "person' (defined to include, inter alia,
an individual, corporation or firm) which is: (1) elected by the public; (2) elected or
appointed by a governmental body; or (3) an appointed official in the executive,
legislative or judicial branch of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or a political
subdivision of the Commonwealth. Muscalus, Opinion 02 -007. When the first portion of
the definition is met, status as a public official subject to the Ethics Act is established,
unless the exclusion for members of purely advisory boards is applicable. Eiben,
Opinion 04 -002.
As a Member of the EDC Finance Board of Directors, Mr. Davis clearly does not
fall within either the first or third category above. As a Member of the EDC Finance
Board of Directors Mr. Davis was not elected by the public. Additionally, as a Member
of the EDC Finance Board of Directors, Mr. Davis is not an appointed official in the
executive, legislative, or judicial branch of the Commonwealth or a political subdivision
of the Commonwealth.
The remaining category in the definition of "public official" is the category for a
person who is elected or appointed by a "governmental body." A "governmental body"
includes an "agency" performing a governmental function.
Although it has been determined that an ALO performs a governmental function
(Area Loan Organizations Under Capital Loan Fund Act, Opinion 95 -006), the
Commission has not conclusively determined whether a non - profit entity that has not
been formed by a governmental entity such as a political subdivision may be considered
an "agency" within the meaning of the Ethics Act's definition of the term "governmental
body. See, Area Loan Organizations Under Capital Loan Fund Act, Opinion 95 -006,
supra; M�arrier /Anderson, Opinion 98 -008 at 5 -6. It is parenthetically noted that the
legislative debate that immediately preceded the inclusion of the key phraseology in the
definition of the term "governmental body" suggests that the term "agency" was not
intended to apply to a private corporation performing a governmental function solely
through contractual arrangement(s). Legislative Journal of House 1989 Session, No.
43 at 1037 (Comments of Representatives Blaum and Heckler, moments before the
approval of the amendment by a vote of 199 -1 in the House).
For purposes of responding to your present inquiry, you are advised that to the
extent Mr. Davis was elected by the Membership to serve on the EDC Finance Board of
Directors, he was not elected by a "governmental body," and therefore he would not be
considered a "public official" subject to the requirements for filing Statements of
Biemiller, 08 -553
May 16, 2008
Page 6
Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act. If Mr. Davis was not elected by the
Membership but rather was elected by the EDC Finance Board of Directors to fill an
interim vacancy, then he would not be considered a "public official" subject to the
requirements for filing Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act
unless the EDC Finance Board of Directors would be an "agency performing a
governmental function" within the meaning of the definition of the term "governmental
body" as set forth in the Ethics Act. To the extent additional advice is desired in that
regard, you may proceed to request a supplemental advisory as to individual(s) for
whom you establish standing.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that: (1) EDC Finance Corporation
("EDC Finance ") is a private, non - profit 501(c)(4) entity that was incorporated in 1986 by
the Economic Development Company of Lancaster County ("EDC "), which is itself a
private, non - profit 501(c)(6) entity; (2) EDC Finance is both an Industrial Development
Corporation ( "IDC ") and an Area Loan Organization ("ALO ") as designated by the
Pennsylvania Department of Community and Economic Development; (3) EDC Finance
administers various loan funding programs in Lancaster County; (4) EDC Finance is not
funded by Lancaster County or any other municipal subdivision; (5) the EDC Finance
Membership is self- appointing and includes the persons and entities that support EDC
Finance through the payment of dues and /or by other means as determined by the EDC
Finance Board of Directors; (6) the EDC Finance Membership elects the EDC Finance
Board of Directors at an annual meeting, which Directors must be Members of EDC
Finance; and (7) the EDC Finance Board of Directors may fill vacancies on the Board
on an interim basis, you are advised as follows. To the extent Michael W. Davis, Esq.,
(Mr. Davis) was elected by the Membership of EDC Finance to serve on the EDC
Finance Board of Directors, he was not elected by a "governmental body," and therefore
he would not be considered a "public official" subject to the requirements for filing
Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act. If Mr. Davis was not
elected by the Membership but rather was elected by the EDC Finance Board of
Directors to fill an interim vacancy, then he would not be considered a "public official"
subject to the requirements for filing Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the
Ethics Act unless the EDC Finance Board of Directors would be an "agency performing
a governmental function" within the meaning of the definition of the term "governmental
body" as set forth in the Ethics Act. To the extent additional advice is desired in that
regard, you may proceed to request a supplemental advisory as to individual(s) for
whom you establish standing.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Biemiller, 08 -553
May 16, 2008
Page 7
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel