HomeMy WebLinkAbout08-547 ZimmerlinkAngela M. Zimmerlink
Office of Commissioner
Fayette County Courthouse
61 East Main Street
Uniontown, PA 15401
Dear Ms. Zimmerlink:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 1, 2008
08 -547
This responds to your letter of March 24, 2008, by which you requested advice
from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibitions or restrictions upon a county
commissioner with regard to serving on the board of directors of a non - profit
organization that provides support to victims /survivors of domestic violence.
Facts: As an elected County Commissioner for Fayette County ( "County "),
Pennsylvania, you request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission
based upon submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
You have been asked to serve on the Board of Directors of a non - profit
organization named "Domestic Violence Services of Fayette County, Inc." (hereinafter
referred to as "DVS "). You state that DVS has been established to provide safer
options and support to victims /survivors of domestic violence through individual
empowerment, advocacy, sheltering, preventive measures, community education and
social change. You have submitted a copy of a document from DVS entitled "Roles and
Responsibilities of the Board of Directors," which document is incorporated herein by
reference.
You state that you would not receive any direct or indirect pecuniary benefit from
serving on the Board of Directors of DVS.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would
permit you to serve as a Director for DVS while serving as a County Commissioner.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
Zimmerlink, 08 -547
May 1, 2008
Page 2
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a County Commissioner, you are a public official subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
Zimmerlink, 08 -547
May 1, 2008
Page 3
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order 809.
In each instance of a voting conflict, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the
public official /public employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and
reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the
person recording the minutes. In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due
to the abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible
provided the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion
02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, it is noted
that the submitted facts do not indicate whether DVS is private or governmental in
nature. Regardless of whether DVS would be private or governmental in nature,
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from serving on the Board of
Directors of DVS while serving as a County Commissioner. However, to the extent DVS
would be private as opposed to governmental in nature, then pursuant to Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act, matters involving DVS that would come before you in your
capacity as a County Commissioner could present conflicts of interest for you under
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act.
The determination of whether conflicts of interest would arise for you as a County
Commissioner in matters involving DVS would primarily hinge upon the status of DVS.
Although the status of non - profit organizations under the Ethics Act is the subject of
current litigation (see, Rendell v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 938 A.2d 554
(Pa. Cmwlth. 2007)), the State Ethics Commission has long held that a non - profit
corporation may be considered a "business" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act
(see, discussion in Confidential Opinion, 07 -018, at 7 -9; see also, Soltis - Sparano, Order
Zimmerlink, 08 -547
May 1, 2008
Page 4
1045; McConahy, Opinion 96 -006). Based upon long- standing Commission precedent,
you are advised that to the extent DVS would be considered private as opposed to
governmental in nature, DVS would be a "business" with which you would be associated
in your capacity as a Director, such that in your public capacity as a County
Commissioner, generally you would have a conflict of interest in matters that would
financially impact DVS. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required
to abstain fully from participation, and in the instance of a voting conflict, to abstain fully
and satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The ropriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the County Code.
Conclusion: As a County Commissioner for Fayette County ("County "),
Pennsylvania, you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act would not prohibit you from serving on the Board of Directors of "Domestic
Violence Services of Fayette County, Inc. ( "DVS ") while serving as a County
Commissioner. Under the submitted facts, which do not indicate whether DVS is private
or governmental in nature, you are advised as follows. To the extent DVS would be
private as opposed to governmental in nature, DVS would be a "business" with which
you would be associated in your capacity as a Director, such that in your public capacity
as a County Commissioner, generally you would have a conflict of interest in matters
that would financially impact DVS. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would
be required to abstain fully from participation, and in the instance of a voting conflict, to
abstain fully and satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel