HomeMy WebLinkAbout08-536 KellyCharles G. Kelly, Sr.
P.O. Box 306
Wampum, PA 16157
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 15, 2008
08 -536
Dear Mr. Kelly:
This responds to your letter received March 5, 2008, by which you requested
advice from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibitions or restrictions upon a borough
council member with regard to voting to appoint his girlfriend to the position of borough
secretary /treasurer.
Facts: As a Member of Council for the Borough of Wampum ( "Borough "), you
request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission based upon
submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
The position of Borough Secretary /Treasurer is currently vacant. Borough
Council has been using both a part -time employee and your girlfriend, who was hired by
the Employee Committee as a part -time professional consultant, to perform the duties of
the Borough Secretary /Treasurer.
You state that Council will be involved in appointing a Borough
Secretary/Treasurer in the near future. Your girlfriend is interested in serving as the full -
time Borough Secretary /Treasurer when the position becomes available.
You state that you and your girlfriend reside in separate homes and do not share
incomes.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you ask whether you would have a
conflict of interest with regard to voting to appoint your girlfriend as Borough
Secretary/Treasurer.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
Kelly, 08 -536
April 15, 2008
Page 2
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Member of Borough Council, you are a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
Kelly, 08 -536
April 15, 2008
Page 3
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In each instance of a voting conflict, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the
public official /public employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and
reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the
person recording the minutes. In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due
to the abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible
provided the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion
02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your specific inquiry, you are
advised as follows.
Subject to the statutory exceptions to the definition of "conflict" or "conflict of
interest," pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would have a conflict of
interest in matters before Borough Council that would financially impact you, a member
of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a member of your immediate
family is associated. As noted above, the term "immediate family" is defined to include
a parent, spouse, child, brother or sister. Your girlfriend is not a member of your
immediate family. Therefore, your relationship with your girlfriend in and of itself would
not form the basis of a conflict of interest for you under the Ethics Act in matters before
Borough Council.
Accordingly, you are advised that you would not have a conflict of interest under
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with regard to voting to appoint your girlfriend to the
position of Borough Secretary/Treasurer. Cf., Knopp, Advice 08 -500. However, if your
girlfriend would become your spouse, she would then be considered a member of your
"immediate family" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. Pursuant to Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would then generally have a conflict of interest in matters
before Borough Council that would financially impact you or your spouse. Cf., Lightner,
Advice 07 -602.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As a Member of Council for the Borough of Wampum ( "Borough "),
you are a public official subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Subject to the statutory exceptions to the definition of
"conflict" or "conflict of interest," pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, you
would have a conflict of interest in matters before Borough Council that would financially
Kell , 08 -536
April 15, 2008
Page 4
impact you, a member of your immediate family, or a business with which you or a
member of your immediate family is associated. Your girlfriend is not a member of your
"immediate family" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. Therefore, your relationship
with your girlfriend in and of itself would not form the basis of a conflict of interest for
you under the Ethics Act in matters before Borough Council. You would not have a
conflict of interest under 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with regard to voting to appoint your
girlfriend to the position of Borough Secretary /Treasurer. If your girlfriend would
become your spouse, she would then be considered a member of your "immediate
family" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, you would then generally have a conflict of interest in matters before
Borough Council that would financially impact you or your spouse.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel