HomeMy WebLinkAbout08-532 BrazilJohn J. Brazil, Jr., Esquire
310 -312 Adams Avenue, Suite 200
Scranton, PA 18503
Dear Mr. Brazil:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 4, 2008
08 -532
This responds to your letters dated February 19, 2008, and February 27, 2008,
by which you requested advice from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibitions or restrictions upon a borough
council member with regard to voting on the borough payroll, where: (1) the payroll
would include the compensation paid to the borough council member's mother as
borough administrator; (2) such compensation would have previously been set by
borough council without the borough council member's involvement; (3) such
compensation would not include overtime pay; and (4) such compensation would be the
same every pay period.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Borough of Moosic, ( "Borough "), you have been
authorized by a Borough Council Member (hereinafter referred to as the Council
Member ") to request an advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission on his
behalf. You have submitted facts that may be fairly summarized as follows.
The Council Member was elected to Borough Council in 2007 and was sworn
into office on January 7, 2008.
For more than ten years prior to the Council Member taking office, the Council
Member's mother served as the Borough Secretary. You state that the Council
Member's mother had also been essentially performing the functions of the vacant
position of Borough Manager for approximately eight months.
At its first meeting in January 2008, Borough Council passed an ordinance that
repealed the position of Borough Manager. Borough Council also passed a resolution
that created the Office of Borough Administrator. Borough Council set the salary for the
Borough Administrator position as the same salary previously set for the Borough
Manager position. You state that the position of Borough Administrator essentially
encompasses most of the duties of a borough manager.
Brazil, 08 -532
April 4, 2008
Page 2
At that same January 2008 meeting, Borough Council voted to appoint the
Council Member's mother as the Borough Administrator. You state that the Council
Member abstained from voting on creating the Borough Administrator position, on
appointing his Mother to such position, and on setting the salary for such position. In
addition to abstaining, the Council Member set forth his reasons for abstaining,
specifically, that his Mother was the individual being appointed to the Borough
Administrator position.
Borough Council must approve the Borough payroll on a monthly basis. The
monthly Borough payroll encompasses all salaries paid by the Borough during a
particular month, including the salary paid to the Council Member's mother as Borough
Administrator. You state that the salary of the Council Member's mother as Borough
Administrator is the same every pay period, and she is not entitled to and does not
receive overtime pay.
You note that to date, the Council Member has been advised to abstain from
participating in approving the Borough payroll and to set forth the reasons for his
abstention.
Under the above submitted facts, you ask whether the Ethics Act would permit
the Council Member to vote on the Borough payroll on a monthly basis.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As an elected Borough Council Member, the Council Member on whose behalf
you have inquired is a "public official" subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
Brazil, 08 -532
April 4, 2008
Page 3
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, a member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
The use of authority of office is not limited merely to voting, but extends to any
use of authority of office including, but not limited to, discussing, conferring with others,
and lobbying for a particular result. See, Juliante, Order 809.
In each instance of a voting conflict, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act requires the
public official /public employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and
reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the
person recording the minutes. In the event that the required abstention results in the
inability of the governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due
to the abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible
Brazil, 08 -532
April 4, 2008
Page 4
provided the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Pavlovic, Opinion
02 -005.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry you are advised
that the Council Member's mother is a member of his "immediate family' as that term is
defined in the Ethics Act. Therefore, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, in
his capacity as a Borough Council Member, the Council Member would generally have
a conflict of interest in matters that would financially impact his mother. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, the Council Member would be required to abstain fully
from participation. The abstention requirement would not be limited to voting, but
rather, would extend to any use of authority of office. In the instance of a voting conflict, Council Member would be required to abstain fully and to satisfy the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
With regard to your specific inquiry, you are advised that the approval of pre-
fixed, routine, uncontested bills /obligations does not in and of itself rise to the level of a
violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. See, Kistler, Order 1441; Yezzi, Order
825 at 58; Krushinski, Order 168; Brooks, Opinion 89 -023; Maholick, Opinion 90 -010.
Therefore, subject to the conditions that: (1) the Council Member would abstain
fully from participation in matters pertaining to the determination of the compensation for
his mother as Borough Administrator or in any other capacity; and (2) the compensation
to be paid to the Council Member's mother would be pre- fixed, routine, and
uncontested, and would not include any amounts that would not be pre- fixed, routine,
and uncontested, the Council Member would not have a conflict of interest in voting on
a Borough payroll that would include payment of such compensation to the Council
Member's mother.
The ropriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: The Borough Council Member (hereinafter referred to as the
Council Member ") for the Borough of Moosic ( "Borough ") on whose behalf you have
inquired is a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Act ("Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. The Council Member's mother, who
serves as the Borough Administrator, is a member of the Council Member's "immediate
family" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act. Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, in his capacity as a Borough Council Member, the Council Member would
generally have a conflict of interest in matters that would financially impact his mother.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the Council Member would be required to
abstain fully from participation. The abstention requirement would not be limited to
voting, but rather, would extend to any use of authority of office. In the instance of a
voting conflict, the Council Member would be required to abstain fully and to satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. The approval of pre - fixed,
routine, uncontested bills /obligations does not in and of itself rise to the level of a
violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Subject to the conditions that: (1) the
Council Member would abstain fully from participation in matters pertaining to the
determination of the compensation for his mother as Borough Administrator or in any
other capacity; and (2) the compensation to be paid to the Council Member's mother
would be pre- fixed, routine, and uncontested, and would not include any amounts that
would not be pre- fixed, routine, and uncontested, the Council Member would not have a
conflict of interest in voting on a Borough payroll that would include payment of such
compensation to the Council Member's mother.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Brazil, 08 -532
April 4, 2008
Page 5
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel