HomeMy WebLinkAbout1458 FosterIn Re: John Foster,
Respondent
File Docket:
X -ref:
Date Decided:
Date Mailed:
Before: Louis W. Fryman, Chair
John J. Bolger, Vice Chair
Donald M. McCurdy
Paul M. Henry
Raquel K. Bergen
Nicholas A. Colafella
06 -054
Order No. 1458
1/28/08
2/15/08
This is a final adjudication of the State Ethics Commission.
Procedurally, the Investigative Division of the State Ethics Commission conducted
an investigation regarding a possible violation of the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., by the above -named Respondent. At the
commencement of its investigation, the Investigative Division served upon Respondent
written notice of the specific allegations. Upon completion of its investigation, the
Investigative Division issued and served upon Respondent a Findings Report identified as
an "Investigative Complaint." An Answer was filed and a hearing was requested. A
Stipulation of Findings and a Consent Agreement waiving an evidentiary hearing were
subsequently submitted by the parties to the Commission for consideration. The
Stipulation of Findings is quoted as the Findings in this Order. The Consent Agreement
has been approved.
This adjudication of the State Ethics Commission is issued under the Ethics Act and
will be made available as a public document thirty days after the mailing date noted above.
However, reconsideration may be requested. Any reconsideration request must be
received at this Commission within thirty days of the mailing date and must include a
detailed explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted in
conformity with 51 Pa. Code § 21.29(b). A request for reconsideration will not affect the
finality of this adjudication but will defer its public release pending action on the request by
the Commission.
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance with the Ethics Act. Any
person who violates such confidentiality commits a misdemeanor and, upon conviction,
may be subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not more than one
year. Confidentiality does not preclude discussing this case with an attorney at law.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 2
I. ALLEGATIONS:
That John Foster, a public official /public employee in his capacity as Director for the
Bureau of Career and Technical Education of the Pennsylvania Department of Education,
violated Sections 1103(a), 1103(g) and 1104(a) of the State Ethics Act (Act 93 of 1998), 65
Pa.C.S. § §1103(a), 1103(g), and 1104(a), when he used the authority of his position for a
private pecuniary gain by attending meetings of advisory boards while on Commonwealth
time and incurring expenses that were paid by the Commonwealth which were related to
personal matters; when he represented the National Occupational Competency Testing
Institute (NOCTI), as President /CEO, before his former governmental body within one year
of leaving state service; when he failed to use annual or personal leave while traveling on
personal matters; and when he failed to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the 2005
calendar year.
II. FINDINGS:
1. John C. Foster was employed by the Pennsylvania Department of Education (PDE)
as the Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical Education from April 17,
2000, to July 30, 2004.
a. Prior to his employment with PDE, Foster served as the Administrative
Director for the Carlisle Area School District.
2. The Bureau of Career and Technical Education is a unit within the Pennsylvania
Department of Education responsible for the administration of Career and Technical
Education (CTE) Programs throughout the Commonwealth.
a. The bureau oversees the 81 area career and technical education schools, in
addition to programs offered at approximately one -half of the high schools
throughout the Commonwealth. Program numbers vary annually.
b. The bureau is responsible for administering the approval process for CTE
Programs.
c. During the time of Dr. Foster's employment, the Bureau of Career and
Technical Education consisted of five divisions:
1. Contract Administration.
2. Systems Delivery.
3. Field Support.
4. Product Quality.
5. Industry Partnership.
3. As Director for the Bureau of Career and Technical Education, Foster was
responsible for supervision of five divisions in the bureau.
a. Each division had a chief that reported to Foster.
b. Foster was responsible for recommending program policy, goals, and
priorities statewide and recommending approval to state review boards, as
well as providing statewide leadership in the area of career and technical
education.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 3
c. Foster also assisted in the development of budgets for the bureau.
4. The Bureau Director's job duties as outlined in the official job description include:
a. Plans, develops, and directs the statewide program for career and technical
education, career development, and workforce innovation and related fields
of service.
b. Develops, recommends, and implements career and technical education
program policies, goals, and objectives. Monitors programs at all levels of
academic and industry skill standards.
c. Manages the Bureau's strategic plan.
d. Responsible for the submissions of all administrative budgets, vocations
subsidy budgets, and various state restricted receipt of accounts for the
bureau.
e. Monitors and evaluates the expenditure of state and federal funds for
reimbursement in accordance with applicable laws.
f. Develops short and long range plans related to career and technical
education programs.
Develops and evaluates legislative changes and proposals relative to career
and technical education, career development, and workforce innovation
programs.
g.
5. As part of his job duties, Foster represented the Bureau of Career and Technical
Education in interactions with other Commonwealth agencies and school
representatives.
a. Foster routinely traveled in -state and out of the state, when approved, to
participate in conferences, meetings and other interactions pertaining to
technical and vocational education.
6. While traveling on Commonwealth business, Foster was entitled to travel
reimbursement as outlined in Commonwealth Management Directive 230.10, Travel
and Subsistence Allowances.
a. Under the Directive, Foster was entitled to reimbursement consistent with
Commonwealth guidelines for the following expenses that he incurred as a
result of his Commonwealth business:
1. Mileage.
2. Subsistence.
3. Lodging.
4. Transportation.
5. Approved miscellaneous expenses.
7 Foster submitted travel expense vouchers (TEVs) to the department documenting
incurred expenses, through his administrative assistant.
a. Foster's TEVs were completed by his administrative assistant and then
Foster, 06 -054
Page 4
signed by Foster, in accord with department practice and policy.
b. Foster's administrative assistant routinely submitted TEVs for reimbursement
of expenses while traveling on Commonwealth business.
8. When traveling out -of -state on Commonwealth business, Foster was also required
to submit an out -of -state travel request form.
a. Out -of -state travel request forms were to be submitted for approval prior to
the business trip.
b. The out -of -state travel request form includes the following information
relating to the business travel:
1. Destination.
2. Dates of travel.
3. Purpose.
4. Method of transportation.
5. Estimated costs.
9. Foster's TEVs and out -of -state travel request forms were approved by his
immediate supervisor, Deputy Secretary Dr. Thomas Carey, Dr. Gerald Zahorchak,
Ron Tomalis and /or Dr. Thomas Waters.
a. Director of School Services, James Bucheit, on occasion approved Foster's
travel forms on behalf of Dr. Carey.
10. In approximately 1999, Foster became involved in the organization of the first Cisco
Networking Academy in Pennsylvania, while employed at the Carlisle Area School
District (CASD).
11. Cisco Networking Academies are technical educational programs located
throughout the world that enable vocational students access to online curriculum
and resources, with the added potential of gaining certifications in Cisco Computer
Networking.
a. In 1997, Cisco Systems developed the Cisco Networking Academy, a 4
semester course designed to train students to build and maintain computer
networks.
b. The networking academies are hosted by educational institutions that apply
to be an academy.
1. This includes school districts, community colleges, private schools,
universities, and technical centers.
c. The program is currently offered nationwide; however it was initially only
offered in four states.
d. The networking academy is operated and funded through the charitable arm
of Cisco Systems, Inc.
12. Sometime in 2000, Foster was invited by a Cisco regional marketing representative
Foster, 06 -054
Page 5
to become a member of the Cisco Networking Academy Advisory Board.
a. Foster was invited because of his familiarity with [the] Cisco Academy
started in the Carlisle School District.
b. The Networking Academy Advisory Board is made up of 14 selected
members from around the country who are responsible for developing the
curriculum for the networking academies.
c. Board members are nominated by Cisco personnel to represent various
educational entities across the United States.
d. Board members are selected to serve two to four year terms.
e. Board members did not receive any compensation for their participation.
1. Expenses related to board members' travel are paid by Cisco
Systems.
2. Cisco did not pay for Dr. Foster's expenses for attendance at
Networking Academy Advisory Board meetings, as his expenses were
paid for by the Commonwealth Department of Education upon the
recommendation of Department legal counsel provided in an opinion
dated January 3, 2001, by Mark Zaccarelli, Esquire, PDE's Office of
Chief Counsel.
13. Board members of the Cisco Networking Academy Advisory Board are strongly
encouraged to attend annual board meetings held at Cisco's headquarters in San
Jose, California.
a. Advisory board meetings are held for several days during the first quarter of
each year.
b. During the meetings, the advisory board reviews and discusses the prior
year's curriculum as well as formulates the curriculum and the course
syllabus for each of the programs to be offered during the following school
year.
14. Foster attended the advisory board meeting on an annual basis from 2001 through
2004.
a. The advisory committee's first year was 2001; therefore Foster did not attend
any advisory board meetings prior to his employment with PDE.
15. Prior to Foster attending the 2001 Cisco Networking Academy Advisory Board
meeting, Don Lindsay, PDE, Deputy Secretary of Administration, sought an opinion
from PDE's Office of Chief Counsel regarding a possible conflict of interest if Foster
participated in Cisco's Networking Academy Advisory Board.
a. The opinion was requested following questions from Deputy Secretary
Thomas Carey.
1. Foster had requested permission from Carey to attend the board
functions as a Commonwealth representative.
b. Questions arose because of the relationship between the Department of
Education and Cisco.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 6
1 A partnership with Cisco allows the Department of Education to make
known to schools the availability of programs such as the Cisco
Academies.
2. At the relevant time, Pennsylvania schools had the highest numbers
of networking academies in the United States, and representation on
the board enabled schools in Pennsylvania to gain early access to
educational resources.
16. On January 3, 2001, Mark Zaccarelli of PDE's Office of Chief Counsel issued a
memorandum to Lindsay regarding Foster's participation:
a. Zaccarelli reviewed the Governor's Code of Conduct, State Adverse Interest
Act and State Ethics Act and spoke with Foster prior to rendering an opinion.
b. Zaccarelli concluded that there did not appear to be a conflict of interest with
Foster participating as a member of Cisco's Networking Academy Council.
c. Zaccarelli opined that the department may wish to pay for Foster's
attendance at the annual meeting in order to avoid potential conflict with
Section 7.154 of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
1. Section 7.154 prohibits the delivering of gifts and favors to employees
of the executive branch.
d. Zaccarelli concluded that Foster's presence on the board did not create a
conflict as defined in the State Adverse Interest Act.
e. Zaccarelli determined that Foster's service on the board would not be
prohibited by Section[s] 1103(a) and 1103(c) of the State Ethics Act.
f. Zaccarelli recommended that since Foster's reimbursement of expenses for
participating in the Cisco conferences could be considered as a conflict, the
department should pay for his attendance at the annual meetings. This
would avoid any potential conflicts with the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Foster should abstain on any decisions as part of the council that directly
pertain to Cisco Academies and its partnership with the Commonwealth and
the Department of Education.
17. Based on Zaccarelli's memo Foster was authorized by Carey to attend the Cisco
Academy meetings but expenses would be paid by the Commonwealth.
18. From 2001 to 2004, Foster attended the Cisco Networking Advisory Council Board
meetings.
a. The meetings were held at Cisco's headquarters in San Jose, California.
19. Cisco Networking Advisory Council Board meetings were held as follows:
a. 2001: February 19, 2001 to February 22, 2001.
b. 2002: February 18, 2002 to February 21, 2002.
c. 2003: March 3, 2003 to March 6, 2003.
d. 2004; March 8, 2004 to March 11, 2004.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 7
20. A typical annual Advisory Board meetings itinerary consisted of the following:
1. Day 1, Monday- Participants arrive
Member briefing -2:00 to 3:00 p.m.
Informal reception -6:00 to 8:00 p.m
2. Day 2, Tuesday- Meetings -8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
3. Day 3, Wednesday- Meetings -8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
4. Day 4, Thursday- Meetings -8:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.
21. The following [sic] expenses were paid by Cisco for board members attending the
annual advisory board meetings.
a. Pursuant to the advice and recommendation of Department's legal counsel,
the Pennsylvania Department of Education paid for Foster's expenses for
attendance at the Networking Academy [meeting].
22. On January 17, 2001, Foster's administrative assistant submitted a request for
approval for out -of -state travel to attend [the] Cisco Networking Advisory Board
[meeting] in San Jose, California.
a. The request was for travel to San Jose, California from February 17, 2001 to
February 23, 2001.
b. The request noted that PDE would need to reimburse Cisco for his airfare
and hotel accommodations.
c. The estimated trip costs of $1,570.00 [are] as follows:
Transportation $600.00
Lodging $700.00
Meals $220.00
Misc. Parking $50.00
d. The request was approved by James Bucheit and Ron Tomalis, Executive
Secretary, PDE.
23. From February 19, 2001, to February 23, 2001, Foster attended the Cisco
Networking Advisory Council meeting in San Jose, California.
a. Council meetings were scheduled as follows:
1. Monday, February 19, 2001 - Participant check -in.
2. Tuesday, February 20, 2001 - Meetings.
3. Wednesday, February 21, 2001 - Meetings.
4. Thursday, February 22, 2001 - Meetings.
b. The meetings concluded on February 22, 2001, at approximately 5:00 p.m.
Date
Lodging
Meals
Miscellaneous
Total
2/19/01
$174.11
$44.00
-
$218.11
2/20/01
$174.11
$25.52
$2.39 /phone
$202.02
2/21/01
$174.11
$25.52
$3.85 /phone
$203.48
2/22/01
$174.11
$34.76
$0.25
$209.12
Total
$696.44
$129.80
$6.49
$832.73
Date
Lodging
Meals
Total
2/23/01
$87.89
$34.76
$122.65
2/24/01
-
$34.76
$34.76
2/25/01
-
$9.24
$9.24
Total
[$87.89]
[78.76]
$166.65
Foster, 06 -054
Page 8
24. Foster stayed at the Biltmore Hotel and Suite in Santa Clara, California, which is the
same location where Cisco had made arrangements for all Board members
attending the Networking Academy [meeting] to stay.
a. Foster checked in on February 19, 2001 at 9:36 p.m. and checked out on
February 23, 2001 at 9:18 a.m.
b. Foster's expenses at Biltmore included the following:
Room: $159.00 /night x 4 nights
Tax: $15.11 /night x 4 nights
Local phone calls: $6.49
Total
$702.93
25. Foster incurred the following expenditures, excluding airfare, to attend the 2001
Cisco Networking Advisory Council meeting.
a. The miscellaneous telephone charges totaling $6.49 were for accessing the
internet to review activities within the Bureau during Foster's absence.
26. Following the conclusion of the Advisory Council meeting on February 22, 2001,
Foster traveled to Mill Valley, California.
a. Foster obtained lodging at a Travelodge in Mill Valley, California for the
nights of February 23, 2001, and February 24, 2001.
b. Foster departed California on the evening of February 25, 2001, and arrived
in Harrisburg on February 26, 2001 at 2:00 a.m.
c. Foster traveled to Mill Valley in order to secure savings to the
Commonwealth for a supersaver airline ticket.
27. Foster incurred expenses for February 23, 2001, February 24, 2001, and February
25, 2001, the period following the conclusion of the meeting, including lodging and
meals.
28. On March 1, 2001, Foster submitted a travel expense voucher for reimbursement of
the expenses he incurred while attending the Cisco Advisory Board meeting.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 9
a. Foster's TEV included expenses incurred from February 19, 2001 to
February 25, 2001.
b. Foster claimed the following expenses.
1. Hotel $789.38
Subsistence $173.80
Mileage $ 20.70
$983.88
2. Included in the total claimed expenses, were $166.65 of expenses
that resulted in [sic] from Foster's additional days in California
following the conclusion of the meeting.
c. Foster's TEV noted that his airfare totaling $424.68 was paid by Cisco and
needed to be reimbursed by PDE.
1. "Airline expense was paid by Cisco and needs to be reimbursed to
them. Original receipt submitted to Cisco. Make check payable to
Cisco Systems Networking Academy."
d. Foster submitted copies of hotel receipts from the Biltmore Hotel and Suite in
Santa Clara, California and from the Travelodge in Mill Valley, California.
e. Foster's TEV was approved on March 16, 2001 by Thomas Carey.
29. Foster confirmed to his administrative assistant that the weekend time spent while
in California for the Cisco conferences was used to sightsee.
a. Foster maintains that any extra - curricular activities were undertaken during
the time frame that the Cisco conferences were not in session; and that
Foster remained in California to take advantage of the supersaver travel
rates.
30. An ACH payment was made to Foster's bank account on March 23, 2001, in the
amount of $938.88.
31. On March 30, 2001, the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania issued check number
00058482, in the amount of $424.68 to Cisco Systems Networking Academy.
a. The check was issued to Cisco Systems as reimbursement for Foster's
airfare.
32. Foster received $166.65 when he claimed and received expense reimbursement
related to travel after the conclusion of the conference.
33. Foster attended the 2002 Cisco Networking Advisory Council meeting in San Jose,
California.
a. Foster's attendance was approved by Dr. Carey.
34. Foster's administrative assistant submitted a Request for Approval of Out -of -State
Travel (STD -274) on November 20, 2001, seeking approval to attend Cisco's
Networking Academy Advisory (CNAA) meeting in San Jose, California from
February 16, 2002 to February 20, 2002.
Dates of travel
Supersaver
2/16/02 to 2/20/02
Conventional
2/18/02 to 2/20/02
Airfare
$425.00
$1,100.00
Subsistence
5 @ $44.00 /day
3 $44.00 /day
$220.00
$132.00
Lodging
4 @ $180.00 /night
2 (a7 $180.00 /night
$720.00
$360.00
Miscellaneous
$45.00
$35.00
Total each plan
$1,410.00
$1,637.00
Savings to Commonwealth
$227.00
Foster, 06 -054
Page 10
a. The method of transportation indicated was supersaver airline ticket.
b. Estimated costs were determined as follows:
Transportation $425.00
Lodging $720.00
Meals $220.00
Miscellaneous $25.00
Other $20.00
Total $1,410.00
c. The request was approved by James Bucheit on November 28, 2001.
35. Foster's administrative assistant also submitted form STD -201 Request for Approval
to purchase supersaver ticket on November 20, 2001 to travel to San Jose,
California.
a. The form lists actual conference dates of February 19, 2002 to February 20,
2002, but notes travel began on February 16, 2002.
b. The form compares estimated expenses for travel via supersaver and
conventional:
c. The supersaver request was approved by James Bucheit.
36. Foster departed Harrisburg on February 16, 2002, at 2:00 p.m. via flight #1463 to
San Jose, California.
a. Foster departed on Saturday, February 16, 2002, to take advantage of the
supersaver airfare.
b. Foster traveled to Monterey, California where he stayed at the Cypress Tree
Inn for the nights of February 16, 2002, and February 17, 2002.
37. In utilizing the supersaver airfare, Foster arrived in San Jose, California on
February 16, 2002, two days prior to the actual start of the board meeting.
38. Foster incurred expenses at the Cypress Tree Inn for February 16, 2002, and
February 17, 2002, totaling $209.00. ($104.50 @ 2 nights).
Foster, 06 -054
Page 11
a. Foster also claimed subsistence expenses of $40.00.
39. From February 18, 2002, to February 21, 2002, Foster attended the Cisco
Networking Advisory Council meeting in San Jose, California.
a. Council meetings were scheduled as follows:
1. Monday, February 18, 2002 - Participant check -in.
2. Tuesday, February 19, 2002 - Meetings - 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
3. Wednesday, February 20, 2002 - Meetings - 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
4. Thursday, February 21, 2002 - Meetings - 8:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
40. Foster stayed at the Sheraton Hotel in San Jose, California, checking in on
February 18, 2002, at 2:21 p.m. PST.
a. Foster checked out on February 20, 2002.
b. Foster departed San Jose, California on February 20, 2002, and arrived in
Harrisburg on February 21, 2002, at approximately 8:20 a.m.
41. On March 1, 2002, Foster submitted a travel expense voucher for reimbursement of
the expenses he incurred while attending the Cisco Networking Advisory Council
meeting in San Jose, California.
a. Foster's TEV included expenses incurred from February 17, 2002, to
February 22, 2002.
b. Foster claimed the following expenses:
1. Hotel $506.00
Airfare $454.50
Meals $157.00
Miscellaneous $20.99
Mileage $30.66
$1,169.15
2. Included in the total claimed expenses, were $249.00 of expenses
that resulted from Foster's additional days in Monterey, California
prior to the meeting. (See finding 36(a), (b))
c. Foster's TEV was approved on March 1, 2002, by Thomas Carey.
42. An ACH payment was made to Foster's bank account on March 14, 2002, in the
amount of $1,169.15.
43. On January 2, 2003, Foster's administrative assistant submitted a request for
approval of out -of -state travel to attend the Cisco Networking Advisory Council
meeting in San Jose, California.
a. Foster's request was for travel to San Jose, California from March 1, 2003, to
March 6, 2003.
b. Foster's trip was estimated as follows:
Dates of travel
Supersaver
3/1/03 to 3/6/03
Conventional
3/1/03 to 3/6/03
Airfare
$225.00
$2,461.00
Subsistence
6 @ $44.00 /day
5 $44.00 /day
$264.00
$220.00
Lodging
5 $80.00 /night
4 A $80.00 /night
$400.00
$320.00
Miscellaneous
$50.00
$50.00
Total each plan
$939.00
$3,051.00
Savings to Commonwealth
$2,112.00
Foster, 06 -054
Page 12
Transportation $223.00
Lodging $200.00
Meals $180.00
Miscellaneous $50.00
Total $653.00
c. Method of transportation listed as by plane supersaver.
d. Foster's request is noted as being approved by the Deputy Secretary.
44. Foster's administrative assistant submitted a Request for Approval to purchase
supersaver ticket on January 24, 2003, which outlined the following expenses:
45. On January 29, 2003, Foster made airfare arrangements in SAP for his travel to
San Jose, California.
a. Foster's airfare was reserved as follows:
1. Carrier Flight number Description
United Airlines 1299 From Harrisburg to Chicago 3/1/03 at 5:45 p.m.
0397 From Chicago to San Jose 3/1/03 at 8:00 p.m.
United Airlines 0556 From San Jose to Chicago 3/6/03 at 11:00 p.m.
7630 From Chicago to Harrisburg 3/7/03 at 8:05 a.m.
b. Foster's airfare totaled $385.00
46. From March 1, 2003, to March 7, 2003, Foster traveled to San Jose, California to
attend the Cisco Networking Advisory Council meeting.
a. Foster arrived in San Jose, California at 10:38 p.m. on March 1, 2003, two
days prior to the actual start of the Advisory Council meeting.
1. No activity was scheduled for the council meeting until Monday,
March 3, 2003, at 6:00 p.m.
b. Foster spent March 1, 2003, and March 2, 2003, in Monterey, California.
1. Foster departed on Saturday, March 1, 2003, to take advantage of the
Date
Lodging
Meals
Miscellaneous
Total
3/3/03
$148.50
$40.00
-
$192.50
3/4/03
$148.50
$9.24
$3.00
$160.74
3/5/03
$148.50
$34.76
$3.60
$186.86
3/6/03
-
$34.76
$1.50
$36.26
3/7/03
-
$56.00
-
$56.00
Total
$445.50
$178.76
$8.10
$632.36
Foster, 06 -054
Page 13
supersaver airfare.
47. Foster incurred expenses on March 2, 2003, the day prior to the start of the
meeting, including lodging and meals.
a. Date Lodging Meals Total
3/2/03 $68.93 $40.00 $108.93
b. Foster had lodging at the Best Western Beach Resort in Monterey,
California on the nights of March 1 and March 2, 2003.
48. From March 3, 2003, to March 6, 2003, Foster attended the Cisco Networking
Advisory Council meeting in San Jose, California.
a. Council meetings were scheduled as follows:
1. Monday, March 3, 2003 - Participant check -in.
2. Tuesday, March 4, 2003 - Meetings - 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
3. Wednesday, March 5, 2003 - Meetings - 8:30 a.m. - 5:00 p.m.
4. Thursday, March 6, 2003 - Meetings - 8:30 a.m. - 12:00 p.m.
b. Foster stayed at the Sheraton Hotel in San Jose, California.
1. Cisco arranged reservations for Foster's room for March 3, 2003, to
March 6, 2003.
49. Foster incurred the following expenditures while staying at the Sheraton attending
the 2003 Cisco Networking Advisory Council meeting.
50. On March 11, 2003, Foster's administrative assistant submitted a travel expense
voucher for reimbursement of expenses he incurred from March 1, 2003, to March
7, 2003, while attending the Cisco Networking Advisory Board meeting.
a. Foster claimed the following expenses:
1. Hotel $522.53
Subsistence $195.76
Misc. expenses- airport parking $30.00
Mileage $16.20
Total $764.49
2. Included in the total claimed expenses was $108.93 of expenses that
resulted from Foster's additional days in California prior to the
Foster, 06 -054
Page 14
beginning of the council meeting. (See finding 46)
b. Foster's TEV was approved on March 14, 2003.
51. An ACH payment was made to Foster's bank account on April 7, 2003 in the
amount of $764.45.
52. On [sic] or around February 2004, Foster's administrative assistant made airfare
arrangements through the Commonwealth Travel Center for his travel to San Jose,
California.
a. Foster's airfare reservations for the trip were as follows:
1. Carrier Flight number Description
United Airlines 599 From Harrisburg to Chicago 3/5/04 at 8:00 a.m.
385 From Chicago to San Jose 3/5/04 at 10:00 a.m.
American Airlines 288 From San Jose to Las Vegas 3/11/04 at 8:30 p.m.
United Airlines 3073 From Las Vegas to Pittsburgh 3/11/04 at 11:30
p.m.
7630 From Pittsburgh to Harrisburg 3/12/04 at 7:55
a.m.
53. No records were ascertainable regarding Foster's request for approval of out -of-
state travel.
a. During this time period, the Commonwealth did undergo a changeover
regarding approval of travel from a paper -based system to an electronic —
based approval system.
b. No records were ascertainable regarding Foster's submitted supersaver
request forms.
c. No records were ascertainable regarding Foster's receipt of approvals to
travel prior to the start of the meeting.
d. Though no records were ascertainable, Foster maintains that the same
pattern and request process as the previous three years was followed
regarding these approvals.
54. Foster arrived in San Jose, California at 12:34 p.m. on Friday, March 5, 2004, three
days prior to the actual start of the Advisory Council meeting.
a. Formal activity was scheduled for the council beginning at 2:00 p.m. on
Monday, March 8, 2004.
b. Informal activity with regional representatives began Sunday evening, March
7, 2004.
c. Foster spent March 5 to March 6 2004 in Verdi, Nevada.
1. Personal expenses incurred on March 5, 2004, and March 6, 2004,
were not charged to the Commonwealth.
Date
Lodging
Meals
Miscellaneous
Total
3/8/04
$152.90
$18.48
$8.10/e -mails
$179.48
3/9/04
$152.90
$9.24
$8.50/e -mails
$170.64
3/10/04
$152.90
$34.76
$1.50 /e -mails
$189.16
3/11/04
-
$34.76
$1.50 /e -mails
$36.26
3/12/04
-
$22.00
-
$22.00
Total
$458.70
$119.24
$19.60
$597.54
Foster, 06 -054
Page 15
d. Foster did not utilize any form of leave for Friday, March 5, 2004.
55. Foster incurred expenses on Sunday, March 7, 2004, the day of the start of informal
meetings, including lodging, meals and phone charges.
a. Date Lodging Meals Phone Total
3/7/04 $152.90 $44.00 $4.60 $201.50
b. Foster stayed at the Sheraton Hotel in San Jose, California on the night of
March 7, 2004.
56. From March 8, 2004, to March 11, 2004, Foster attended the Cisco Networking
Advisory Council meeting in San Jose, California.
a. The Advisory Council meeting was scheduled as follows:
Monday, March 8 Participants arrive
2:00 to 3:30 p.m. -New council briefing
6:00 to 8:00 p.m.- Informal reception
Tuesday, March 9 - Meeting -8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Dinner
Wednesday, March 10 - Meeting -8:30 a.m. to 5:00 p.m.
Thursday, March 11 Meeting -8:30 a.m. to 12:00 p.m.
57. Foster departed San Jose, California on March 11, 2004 at 8:30 p.m. PST.
a.
b.
Foster had layovers in Las Vegas and Pittsburgh and was scheduled to
arrive in Harrisburg on March 12, 2004, at 8:55 a.m. EST.
During the return flight, the plane on which Foster was traveling suffered
from a "mechanical breakdown" resulting in a delay in Foster's return, as is
evidenced by the parking receipt for March 12, 2004, from the Harrisburg
International Airport, indicating Foster's exit at 5:04 p.m.
58. Foster incurred the following expenditures, excluding airfare, to attend the Cisco
Networking Advisory Council meeting.
59. On April 2, 2004, Foster submitted a travel expense voucher through SAP for his
travel to San Jose, California to attend the Cisco Networking Advisory Board
meeting.
a. Foster claimed the following expenses:
1. Hotel
Subsistence
$611.60
$163.24
Foster, 06 -054
Page 16
Misc. expenses - parking charges $43.00
Misc. expenses- business calls $24.20
Mileage $16.20
Total $849.54
b. Foster's airfare was paid by the Commonwealth through SAP in the amount
of $614.50.
c. Foster's TEV notes that he began claiming overnight subsistence at 4:00
a.m. on March 7, 2004.
d. Foster's TEV notes that the council meeting began at 3:00 p.m. on March 7,
2004.
1. Cisco Systems, Inc. records confirm the meeting beginning on March
8, 2004, at 6:00 p.m.
60. An ACH payment was made to Foster's bank account on April 13, 2004, in the
amount of $849.54.
61. Foster did not work at his PDE job on Friday, March 5, 2004, the day he traveled to
San Jose, California.
a. Airfare records confirm that Foster's flight to San Jose, California was at 8:00
a.m. on March 5, 2004.
b. No records were ascertainable regarding Foster's request of leave on March
5, 2004.
c. Foster was compensated at an hourly rate of $46.10 in March of 2004.
62. Foster maintains that travel on March 5, 2004, was to take advantage of supersaver
airfare rates.
63. Foster received $345.75 in pay on March 5, 2004.
a. Hourly rate $ 46.10
Hours x 7.50
Total $345.75
64. No record is ascertainable regarding Foster's work status and /or use of leave
regarding March 12, 2004.
65. Foster's service on the Cisco Academy Advisory Board ceased following Foster's
leaving PDE employment.
66. Foster incurred a financial benefit through compensation received for expense
reimbursement related to lodging and meal expenses incurred while traveling to and
returning from Cisco Advisory Board meetings.
a. 2001 expenses: $166.65
1. Foster concedes that these expenses were paid, but maintains that
these expenses relate to authorized lodging required in order for the
Commonwealth to benefit from the supersaver airfare
Foster, 06 -054
Page 17
b. Wages
March 5, 2004: $345.75
1. Foster concedes that he was compensated for March 5, 2004, but
maintains that such compensation was authorized and payable in that
Foster was required to travel on that specific day in order to take
advantage of a supersaver airfare.
THE FOLLOWING FINDINGS RELATE TO THE ALLEGATIONS CONCERNING
FOSTER'S REPRESENTATION OF THE NATIONAL OCCUPATIONAL
COMPETENCY TESTING INSTITUTE (NOCTI) BEFORE HIS FORMER
GOVERNMENTAL BODY WITHIN ONE YEAR OF LIVING STATE SERVICE
67. On July 28, 2004, Foster submitted his resignation from his position as Bureau
Director, to Deputy Secretary Gerald Zahorchak.
a. Foster's resignation was effective the close of business on July 30, 2004.
b. Foster's resignation was as a result of a request made to him by Deputy
Secretary Zahorchak on July 16, 2004.
68. On January 24, 2005, Foster was appointed the President and CEO of The National
Occupational Competency Testing Institute (NOCTI).
69. NOCTI is a not - for - profit corporation that provides occupational competency
assessment products and services to secondary and post- secondary educational
institutions.
a. NOCTI provides approximately 80 standardized technical assessments in
various occupational fields.
b. NOCTI's headquarters are located in Big Rapids, Michigan.
1. NOCTI also maintains operational locations throughout the country.
70. The PDE is a client of NOCTI, though financial transactions are handled through
Penn State University.
71. As President and CEO, Foster recommends actions and policies to his Board.
a. Foster maintains his residence in Carlisle, Pennsylvania.
1. Foster is required to travel frequently to Michigan and other locations
throughout the country.
2. In addition, Foster telecommunicates from various locations.
b. Foster receives input from an 11 member board elected from a consortium
representing 54 states and territories.
1. Board members are selected from various disciplines within the field
of career and technical education.
c. A 54 member consortium of states and territories assists in the development
of curriculum and national assessment standards.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 18
1. Consortium members are selected representatives from for [sic] each
of the 54 states and territories.
2. Representatives consist of state directors and others in the field of
technical education.
d. Foster's job duties include interacting with entities NOCTI contracts with,
including the Pennsylvania Department of Education.
1. Foster's interactions include meeting with officials, answering
questions and resolving conflicts.
2. Foster serves as the "face" of NOCTI.
e. Foster travels to meet with education officials regarding assessment and
professional development services provided by NOCTI.
72. Foster is compensated as NOCTI President for duties and responsibilities related to
his interactions with NOCTI clients.
73. In November of 1996, the Pennsylvania State Board of Education approved an
occupational competency measure requiring the use of a student occupational
competency assessment for all secondary and adult career and technical education
program completers.
a. The measure was approved in order to ensure that students in the career
and technical education programs were meeting national standards and
were job ready.
b. This measure was followed by the Carl D. Perkins Vocational and Technical
Education Amendments of 1998 which required that each state develop a
system of core performance measures and standards for the purpose of
evaluating its secondary, adult and postsecondary career and technical
education programs.
74. Following the passing of these measures, PDE entered into agreements with
various entities that created occupational competency assessments.
a. Occupational competency assessments used by PDE include, but are not
limited to:
1. NOCTI
2. National Institute for Metal Working Skills (NIMS)
3. Air conditioning and refrigeration institute industry competency exam
(ICE)
4. American Hotel and Lodging Association (AHLA) Educational Institute
5. Certified Electronics Association (CEA)
6. Computer Technology Industry Association (COMP TIA)
7. American Welding Society (AWS)
8. Child Development Association (CDA)
Foster, 06 -054
Page 19
9. (PrintEd) Graphic Arts Certification
b. A complete listing of all certifications totals in excess of fifty (50).
c. The NOCTI assessment catalog encompasses approximately 80 different
occupational areas.
75. NOCTI has been the predominate company used by PDE since 1996 due to the
amount of assessment tests it offers.
76. The Bureau of Career and Technical Education is the bureau in PDE largely
responsible for overseeing aspects of occupational competency assessment.
a. The bureau develops statewide standards and ensures that national
standards are being met.
b. The bureau is responsible for acquiring and approving assessments to
ensure that they meet state and federal standards.
c. The bureau is responsible for recommending allocation of resources to pay
for assessment services.
77. PDE administers the assessments through the Educational Resource Center at the
Penn State McKeesport campus.
a. Additionally, PDE contracts annually with McKeesport for a variety of
services including, but not limited to, conference logistics, tech prep
coordination, technical assessment services, and special populations
coordination.
b. The Education Resource Center administers the state and federal funding to
the assessment entities.
c. The Education Resource Center coordinates the assessment materials to
the secondary and postsecondary education programs.
d. The Education Resource Center collects all tests from the programs for
scoring.
78. The Bureau of Career and Technical Education enters into a yearly payment plan
agreement with NOCTI for the purchase of assessment materials and shipping fees.
a. Per the agreement the bureau pays NOCTI six (6) monthly lump sum
payments.
b. NOCTI invoices the bureau for the remainder of the costs associated with
the materials and services.
c. Penn State McKeesport acts as the purchasing agent on behalf of PDE.
79. Prior to leaving his position as Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical
Education, Foster was responsible for projecting expenses regarding the Career
and Technical Education Community for upcoming budget years.
a. NOCTI assessment funding is included as a line item in the state
assessment budget.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 20
b. Foster, and his management team, made the following projected figures for
funding of student assessment prior to his departure. The figures included
projected CTE population growth commensurate with the overall student
population, as well as increases in test costs and supplemental reports
which may be requested.
School year Figure
2004/05 $579,000.00
2005/06 $565,000.00
2006/07 $572,000.00
2007/08 $578,000.00
2008/09 $585,000.00
c. These projections were for all testing provided by a total of fourteen (14)
providers, including NOCTI.
80. In accord[ance] with Pennsylvania's response to No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and
the development of Pennsylvania's "Assessment Anchors," Deputy Secretary
Zahorchak requested that an alignment between technical skills and academic skills
be completed.
a. In January of 2004, the Bureau of Career and Technical Education, under
the direction of Foster, contracted with NOCTI to perform a study which
aligned CTE Assessments with the PSSAS.
b. NOCTI completed a majority of technical assessment work in the
Commonwealth and maintained a national group of Subject Matter Experts in
the academic areas to perform the analyses without bias.
c. A payment was made by the Education Resource Center to NOCTI in the
amount of $55,238.30 for this supplemental alignment work.
d. The invoice from NOCTI, dated January 30, 2004, provided the following
description:
"Alignment of Pennsylvania Math Standards with NOCTI test and Integrated
Mathematics Report."
81. With over 30 years of service in the Career and Technical Education field, Foster
has many friends across the Commonwealth, some of whom work for the Bureau of
Career and Technical Education.
a. As such, Foster maintains close relationships with former co- workers in the
Bureau of Career and Technical Education, PDE.
b. Foster has been a PDE point of contact with NOCTI, mainly in light of
Foster's familiarity with PDE, and their prior working relationship.
c. Employees of PDE, many of which had previously existing personal and
professional relationship with Foster, interacted with Foster in his position as
NOCTI's President.
d. PDE officials /employees have contacted Foster concerning a variety of
issues with assessment testing provided by NOCTI.
82. From January 2005 through July 2005, Foster had contact with members of the
Foster, 06 -054
Page 21
Bureau of Career and Technical Education concerning NOCTI includes [sic] the
following:
a. Current Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical Education, Dr. Lee
Burket indicated in a Sworn Statement with SEC investigators that she had
phone conversations and /or email conversations with Foster as President of
NOCTI in regards to official PDE business.
b. Bureau employee Robert Kline had two (2) separate phone contacts with
Foster, concerning official PDE business.
c. Bureau employee James Gronski, a close personal friend of Foster,
contacted Foster on numerous occasions, for a variety of reasons.
d. Education Resource Center employee Patty Bicanich indicated to SEC
Investigators that she had phone contact with Foster concerning issues with
NOCTI's services and fees regarding individual schools requesting the
waiving of rush order fees.
1. Foster complied with this request, resulting in a cost saving to those
schools and the Commonwealth.
83. Foster's duties and responsibilities, as a compensated employee of NOCTI, include
occasional meetings with past and present clients.
84. Emails obtained for [sic] the Bureau of Career and Technical Education include
emails between bureau staff and John Foster of NOCTI within one year of his
leaving Commonwealth employment.
a. The following topics were subjects of emails [that] were exchanged between
Foster and bureau employees James Gronski and Chris Weller between
February 2005 and June 2005.
1. Pennsylvania's use, free of charge, of an online security system that
would protect the transmission of student data over the internet while
performing testing with NOCTI.
2. Discussions regarding the use of NOCTI's network to help
Pennsylvania validate their agriculture standards, free of charge.
3. The development of linkages between other industry certification
groups and NOCTI for the benefit of Pennsylvania students.
4. Clarification of proposed collaboration involving parties regarding
Pennsylvania student data streams and confidentiality.
85. In November 2004, the bureau executed a payment plan with NOCTI for the 2004-
2005 school year.
a. The agreement provided that PDE make 6 monthly payments of $60,000.00
to NOCTI beginning January 2005.
1. January 10, 2005 $60,000.00
2. February 10, 2005 $60,000.00
3. March 10, 2005 $60,000.00
Foster, 06 -054
Page 22
4. April 10, 2005 $60,000.00
5. May 10, 2005 $60,000.00
6. June 10, 2005 $60,000.00
Total $360,000.00
b. This agreement was executed by Lee Burket of PDE and Amie Thomas,
Client Services on behalf of NOCTI.
86. In November 2005, PDE and NOCTI entered into a similar payment plan agreement
for the 2005 -2006 school year.
a. The agreement provided that PDE make 6 monthly payments of $60,000.00
to NOCTI beginning January 2006.
1. January 10, 2006 $60,000.00
2. February 10, 2006 $60,000.00
3. March 10, 2006 $60,000.00
4. April 10, 2006 $60,000.00
5. May 10, 2006 $60,000.00
6. June 10, 2006 $60,000.00
Total $360,000.00
b. This agreement was executed by Lee Burket of PDE and Amie Thomas,
Client Services on behalf of NOCTI.
THE FOLLOWING FINDINGS RELATE TO THE ALLEGATIONS CONCERNING
FOSTER'S FAILURE TO FILE STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL INTERESTS.
87. As Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical Education, PDE, Foster was
required annually to file a Statement of Financial Interests (SFI) form by the May 1St
deadline, containing information for the prior calendar year.
a. Foster was also required to file a SFI with the bureau for the year following
his leaving Commonwealth employment.
88. Statements of Financial Interests forms on file with The Pennsylvania Department of
Education include the following filings by Foster for calendar years:
a. Calendar year: 2001
b. Calendar year: 2002
c. Calendar year: 2003
d. Calendar year: 2004
89. Foster filed a SFI with the Department of Education [on] April 18, 2005, for calendar
year 2004.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 23
a. The form satisfied Foster's requirement to file a Statement of Financial
Interests for the year after leaving his Commonwealth employment.
III. DISCUSSION:
As the Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical Education of the
Pennsylvania Department of Education from April 17, 2000, until July 30, 2004,
Respondent John Foster (also referred to herein as "Respondent," "Respondent Foster," or
"Foster ") was a public employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
The allegations are that Foster, as Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical
Education of the Pennsylvania Department of Education, violated Sections 1103(a),
1103(g), and 1104(a) of the Ethics Act when he used the authority of his position for a
private pecuniary gain by attending meetings of advisory boards while on Commonwealth
time and incurring expenses that were paid by the Commonwealth and were related to
personal matters; when he represented the National Occupational Competency Testing
Institute (NOCTI), as its President /CEO, before his former governmental body within one
year of leaving state service; when he failed to use annual or personal leave while
traveling on personal matters; and when he failed to file a Statement of Financial Interests
for the 2005 calendar year.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from engaging in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The term "conflict of interest" is defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official /public employee from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
Foster, 06 -054
Page 24
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act prohibits a former public official /public employee
from representing a person for compensation before the governmental body with which he
has been associated for a period of one year after he leaves that body:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. —No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for one
year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added). The terms "represent, "person," "governmental
body," and "governmental body with which a public official or public employee is or has
been associated" are specifically defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and submitting
bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the
name of a former public official or public employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body." Any department, authority,
commission, committee, council, board, bureau, division,
service, office, officer, administration, legislative body or other
establishment in the executive, legislative or judicial branch of
a state, a nation or a political subdivision thereof or any
agency performing a governmental function.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is or
has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Section 1104(a) of the Ethics Act provides that each public official /public employee
must file a Statement of Financial Interests for the preceding calendar year, each year that
he holds the position and the year after he leaves it.
As noted above, the parties have submitted a Consent Agreement and Stipulation of
Findings. The parties' Stipulated Findings are reproduced above as the Findings of this
Commission. We shall now summarize the relevant facts as contained therein.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 25
Respondent Foster served as the Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical
Education (the "Bureau ") within the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania Department of
Education ( "PDE ") from April 17, 2000, until July 30, 2004. The Bureau is responsible for
the administration of Career and Technical Education (CTE) Programs throughout the
Commonwealth, including the approval process for CTE Programs. The Bureau oversees
the 81 area career and technical education schools as well as programs offered at
approximately one -half of the high schools throughout the Commonwealth.
Foster's duties as Director of the Bureau included, inter alia, planning, developing,
and directing the statewide program for career and technical education, career
development, workforce innovation, and related fields of service; developing,
recommending, and implementing career and technical education program policies, goals,
and objectives; and managing the Bureau's strategic plan. As part of his job duties, Foster
represented the Bureau in interactions with other Commonwealth agencies and school
representatives. Foster routinely traveled in -state and out -of- state, when approved, to
participate in conferences, meetings, and similar events pertaining to technical and
vocational education. Pursuant to Commonwealth Management Directive 230.10, when
traveling on Commonwealth business, Foster was entitled to reimbursement for expenses
incurred for mileage, subsistence, lodging, and transportation, and for approved
miscellaneous expenses.
Prior to traveling out -of -state on Commonwealth business, Foster was required to
submit an out -of -state travel form for approval by his immediate supervisor or another PDE
official. The information provided on the out -of -state travel form included the destination,
dates of travel, purpose, method of transportation, and estimated costs. Foster would
obtain reimbursement of expenses incurred while traveling on Commonwealth business by
submitting travel expense vouchers ( "TEVs ") to PDE documenting his expenses. In
accordance with established practice and policy, Foster's TEVs were completed by his
administrative assistant and then signed by him.
Prior to beginning employment with PDE, Foster served as the Administrative
Director for the Carlisle Area School District ( "School District "). In approximately 1999,
while employed with the School District, Foster became involved with organizing the first
Cisco Networking Academy in Pennsylvania. Cisco Networking Academies are technical
educational programs that provide vocational students with access to online curriculum
and resources, with the added potential of gaining certifications in Cisco Computer
Networking.
The Networking Academies are hosted by educational institutions, including school
districts, that apply to be academies and are operated and funded through the charitable
arm of Cisco Systems, Inc.
Sometime in 2000, Foster was invited by a Cisco regional marketing representative
to become a member of the Cisco Networking Academy Advisory Board (hereinafter
referred to as the CNAA Board" or "Board "). The CNAA Board consists of fourteen
members who are nominated by Cisco personnel and are responsible for developing the
curriculum for the Networking Academies. Cisco does not compensate Board members for
their participation but pays expenses related to Board members' travel.
The CNAA Board holds an annual meeting at Cisco's headquarters in San Jose,
California. During the meeting, which is held over several days during the first quarter of
the year, the Board reviews and discusses the prior year's curriculum as well as formulates
the curriculum and the course syllabus for each of the programs to be offered during the
following school year.
Foster first attended the annual CNAA Board meeting in 2001. Prior to attending
the 2001 Board meeting, Foster requested permission from his immediate supervisor to
attend the Board functions as a Commonwealth representative. Foster's request was
Foster, 06 -054
Page 26
approved by his immediate supervisor after an attorney in PDE's Office of Chief Counsel
issued a memorandum concluding that Foster's service on the Board would not be
prohibited by the Ethics Act or the State Adverse Interest Act. Based upon the
recommendation of PDE's Office of Chief Counsel, it was determined that PDE would pay
Foster's expenses for attending the Board meetings.
On January 17, 2001, Foster's administrative assistant submitted a request for
approval for out -of -state travel to attend the CNAA Board meeting in San Jose, California.
The request was for travel to San Jose from February 17, 2001, to February 23, 2001.
After Foster's request was approved, he attended the 2001 Board meeting, which began
on February 19, 2001, and concluded on February 22, 2001. Foster checked out from his
hotel on February 23, 2001, and traveled to Mill Valley, California, where he stayed until
February 25, 2001, when he departed on a flight to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Foster
traveled to Mill Valley in order to secure savings to the Commonwealth for a supersaver
airfare ticket, and he spent his time in Mill Valley sightseeing. In March 2001, Foster
submitted a TEV for reimbursement of the expenses that he incurred while in California
from February 19, 2001, to February 25, 2001. Foster subsequently received
reimbursement of his claimed expenses, including $166.65 for meals and lodging for the
period spent in Mill Valley following the conclusion of the 2001 Board meeting.
After receiving approval from his immediate supervisor, Foster attended the CNAA
Board meeting in San Jose, California the next year. Although the 2002 Board meeting did
not begin until February 18, 2002, Foster flew to California on February 16, 2002, to take
advantage of the supersaver airfare rate. Foster attended the 2002 Board meeting from
February 18, 2002, to February 20, 2002, and departed on a flight for Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania upon the conclusion of the meeting. In March 2002, Foster sought and
received reimbursement of the expenses he incurred while in California in February 2002,
including $249 for expenses incurred as a result of his arrival in California two days prior to
the 2002 Board meeting.
In 2003, Foster again attended the annual CNAA Board meeting in San Jose,
California. Foster flew to California on March 1, 2003, two days prior to the actual start of
the Board meeting, to take advantage of the supersaver airfare rate. Foster spent the first
two days in Monterey, California and then attended the Board meeting in San Jose from
March 3, 2003, to March 6, 2003. Foster subsequently claimed and received
reimbursement for $108.93 of expenses that resulted from his arrival in California two days
prior to the beginning of the 2003 Board meeting.
Foster also attended the 2004 CNAA Board meeting. To take advantage of
supersaver airfare rates, Foster flew to San Jose, California on Friday, March 5, 2004,
three days prior to the actual start of the meeting. Foster did not work at his PDE job on
March 5, 2004, but he did not utilize any form of leave on that date. From March 5, 2004,
to March 6, 2004, Foster stayed in Verdi, Nevada, but he did not charge any expenses
incurred on those dates to the Commonwealth. After attending the CNAA Board meeting in
San Jose from March 8, 2004, to March 11, 2004, Foster took a flight back to Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania. Foster received $345.75 in compensation from the Commonwealth for
March 5, 2004. See, Finding 63(a).
The parties have stipulated that Foster received financial benefits of $166.65 for
reimbursement of expenses related to lodging and meal expenses for the 2001 CNAA
Board meeting and of $345.75 in wages on March 5, 2004. See, Finding 66(a), (b).
On July 28, 2004, Foster submitted his resignation from his position as Bureau
Director, effective the close of business on July 30, 2004. On January 24, 2005, Foster
was appointed as President and CEO of The National Occupational Competency Testing
Institute (NOCTI). NOCTI is a not - for - profit corporation that provides occupational
competency assessment products and services to secondary and post- secondary
Foster, 06 -054
Page 27
educational institutions.
Since 1996, NOCTI has been the predominant company used by PDE for the
provision of occupational competency assessments. The Bureau, which is responsible for
developing statewide standards and ensuring that national standards are being met, enters
into a yearly payment plan agreement with NOCTI for the purchase of assessment
materials and associated services. In November 2004, the Bureau executed a payment
plan with NOCTI for the 2004 -2005 school year. The agreement provided for PDE to make
six monthly payments of $60,000 to NOCTI beginning January 2005.
As President and CEO of NOCTI, Foster recommends actions and policies to the
board. Foster's job duties involve interacting with entities NOCTI has contracts with,
including PDE, through meeting with education officials regarding assessment and
professional development services provided by NOCTI, answering questions and resolving
conflicts, and serving as the "face" of NOCTI. Foster is compensated for his duties and
responsibilities related to his employment with NOCTI.
Since leaving the Bureau, Foster has maintained close relationships with former
Bureau co- workers. In light of Foster's familiarity with PDE and PDE's prior working
relationship with NOCTI, Foster has been a point of contact for PDE officials /employees as
to a variety of issues involving assessment testing provided by NOCTI. From January
2005 through July 2005, Foster had contact, via telephone or email, with the following
Bureau officials /employees concerning issues related to NOCTI: Dr. Lee Burket, the
current Bureau Director; Robert Kline; James Gronski; and Chris Weller. Some of the
email topics included: Pennsylvania's use, free of charge, of an online security system that
would protect the transmission of student data over the internet while performing testing
with NOCTI; discussions regarding the use of NOCTI's network to help Pennsylvania
validate its agriculture standards, free of charge; and the development of linkages between
other industry certification groups and NOCTI for the benefit of Pennsylvania students.
These interactions occurred within one year of Foster leaving the Bureau.
As Director of the Bureau, Foster was required to annually to file Statement of
Financial Interests ( "SFI ") forms with PDE. Foster was also required to file a SFI with PDE
by May 1 of the year following termination of his Commonwealth employment. On April 18,
2005, Foster filed a SFI with PDE for calendar year 2004. The parties have stipulated that
the form satisfied Foster's requirement to file a Statement of Financial Interests by May 1
of the year after leaving his Commonwealth employment.
Having highlighted the Stipulated Findings and issues before us, we shall now apply
the Ethics Act to determine the proper disposition of this case.
The parties' Consent Agreement sets forth a proposed resolution of the allegations
as follows:
3. The Investigative Division will recommend the following in relation to
the above allegations:
a. That an unintentional violation of Section 1103(a) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law, 65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a),
occurred in relation to Foster's attendance at meetings of
advisory boards while on Commonwealth time and submitting
and being paid for personal expenses which were paid by the
Commonwealth; and
b. That a technical violation of Section 1103(g) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Law, 65 Pa.C.S. §1103(g),
occurred when he represented the National Occupational
Foster, 06 -054
Page 28
Competency Testing Institute(NOCTI), as President /CEO,
before his former governmental body within one year of
leaving state service; and
c. That no violation of Section 1104(a) of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Law, 65 Pa. .S. §1104(a), occurred
regarding Foster's failure to file a Statement of Financial
Interests for the 2005 calendar year in that Foster was not
required to file a 2005 Statement of Financial Interests form.
4. Foster agrees to make payment in the amount of $512.40 in
settlement of this matter payable to the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania and forwarded to the Pennsylvania State Ethics
Commission within thirty (30) days of the issuance of the final
adjudication in this matter.
5. The Investigative Division will recommend that the State Ethics
Commission take no further action in this matter; and make no
specific recommendations to any law enforcement or other authority
to take action in this matter. Such, however, does not prohibit the
Commission from initiating appropriate enforcement actions in the
event of Respondent's failure to comply with this agreement or the
Commission's order or cooperating with any other authority who may
so choose to review this matter further.
Consent Agreement, at 1 -2.
As to the allegation that Foster violated Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, it would
appear that said allegation would encompass the reimbursement of expenses incurred by
Foster for meals or lodging as a result of arriving in California two days prior to the
commencement of the 2002 CNAA Board meeting and one day prior to the commencement
of the 2003 CNAA Board meeting. However, it appears that the Investigative Division,
through the exercise of its prosecutorial discretion, has determined that it is appropriate to
settle this case based on a violation of Section 1103(a) as to Foster's receipt of
reimbursement for expenses incurred following the completion of the 2001 CNAA Board
meeting and his receipt of wages in lieu of using leave time when traveling to the 2004
CNAA Board meeting on March 5, 2004.
In considering the Consent Agreement, we determine that the elements for the
recommended violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act have been established. Foster
used the authority of his public position when he submitted a TEV to PDE requesting
reimbursement of expenses he incurred for meals and lodging for the two -day period spent
in Mill Valley, California, following the conclusion of the 2001 CNAA Board meeting in San
Jose, California. The reimbursement of said expenses that Foster received was a private
pecuniary benefit, as there is no authorization in law permitting a Commonwealth
employee to receive reimbursement from the Commonwealth for personal expenses. As to
Foster's leave usage, Foster traveled to the 2004 CNAA Board meeting on Friday, March
5, 2004, two days prior to the commencement of said meeting, without taking a day of
leave from the Commonwealth. Such action resulted in a private pecuniary benefit to
Foster consisting of the wages Foster received from the Commonwealth when he did not
work on that date. Each element of a conflict of interest has been established as to this
allegation. Cf., Matta, Order 1439; Munford, Order 1390; Sullivan, Order 1245; Holt, Order
1153.
The parties have stipulated that Foster received financial benefits of $166.65 for
reimbursement of expenses related to lodging and meal expenses incurred following the
2001 CNAA Board meeting and of $345.75 in wages on March 5, 2004.
Foster, 06 -054
Page 29
We are mindful of the recent judicial decision in Bixlerv. State Ethics Commission,
847 A.2d 785 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2004) (holding that a net profit in the amount of $561.77
resulting from business transactions between a township supervisor's employer and the
township would fall within the "de minimis" exclusion to the definition of "conflict of
interest "). If the parties had not determined to enter into a Consent Agreement, we might
have been presented with factual and legal issues as to whether, under the circumstances
of this case, Bixler would apply as to the aforesaid $166.65 in reimbursed expenses and
$345.75 in wages received by Foster. However, given: (1) that the parties have entered
into a comprehensive Consent Agreement with the benefit of legal counsel to assist them
in weighing all relevant factual and legal considerations; and (2) the parties are in
agreement that a violation of Section 1103(a) as to such expenses and wages would be
appropriate as part of an overall settlement of this case, we shall accept the parties'
proposed disposition. We note that this determination in this case based upon the
agreement of the parties should not be considered as precedent for other cases, which
would be determined based upon their facts and circumstances.
Per the Consent Agreement of the parties, we hold that an unintentional violation of
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act occurred in relation to Foster's attendance at meetings of
advisory boards while on Commonwealth time and submitting and being paid for personal
expenses that were paid by the Commonwealth.
We shall now consider the parties' recommendation that we find that a technical
violation of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act occurred when Foster represented NOCTI, as
President /CEO, before his former governmental body within one year of leaving state
service.
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act prohibits a former public official /public employee
from representing a person for compensation before the governmental body with which he
has been associated for a period of one year after he leaves that body. The term "person"
is defined to include, inter alia, a business, corporation, or other organization.
When Foster terminated employment with PDE on July 30, 2004, he became a
former public employee subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, Foster was prohibited from representing
"persons" before PDE, including but not limited to the Bureau, for promised or actual
compensation during the first year following termination of employment with PDE.
Foster receives compensation in his capacity as President and CEO of NOCTI.
From January 2005 through July 2005, Foster, as President and CEO of NOCTI, had
contact, via telephone or email, with the following Bureau officials /employees concerning
issues related to NOCTI: Dr. Lee Burket, the current Bureau Director; Robert Kline; James
Gronski; and Chris Weller. These interactions occurred within one year of Foster leaving
the Bureau.
With each element of a violation of Section 1103(g) established, we hold that a
technical violation of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act occurred when Foster represented
NOCTI, as President /CEO, before his former governmental body within one year of leaving
state service. Cf., Pierce, Order 1449; Gagliardo, Order 1369; Nixon, Order 1280.
As to the allegation that Foster violated Section 1104(a) of the Ethics Act when he
failed to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the 2005 calendar year, the parties have
agreed that no violation occurred in that Foster was not required to file a Statement of
Financial Interests for calendar year 2005. We accept the parties' recommendation and
find no violation of Section 1104(a) of the Ethics Act for the reason stated. There is no
basis in the stipulated findings for concluding that Foster was required to file a Statement
of Financial Interests for calendar year 2005, given that Foster terminated Commonwealth
Foster, 06 -054
Page 30
service in 2004 and the following year filed a Statement of Financial Interests for calendar
year 2004. See, Findings 1, 89(a).
As part of the Consent Agreement, Foster has agreed to make payment in the
amount of $512.40 in settlement of this matter, payable to the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania and forwarded to this Commission by no later than the thirtieth (30 day
after the mailing date of this Order.
We determine that the Consent Agreement submitted by the parties sets forth the
proper disposition for this case, based upon our review as reflected in the above analysis
and the totality of the facts and circumstances.
Accordingly, Foster is directed to make payment in the amount of $512.40 in
settlement of this matter, payable to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and forwarded to
this Commission by no later than the thirtieth (30 day after the mailing date of this Order.
Compliance with the foregoing will result in the closing of this case with no further
action by this Commission. Noncompliance will result in the institution of an order
enforcement action.
IV. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
1. John Foster ( "Foster "), as the Director of the Bureau of Career and Technical
Education of the Pennsylvania Department of Education ( "PDE ") from April 17,
2000, until July 30, 2004, was a public employee subject to the provisions of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq.
2. Foster committed an unintentional violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in
relation to his attendance at meetings of advisory boards while on Commonwealth
time and submitting and being paid for personal expenses which were paid by the
Commonwealth.
3. A technical violation of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act occurred when Foster
represented the National Occupational Competency Testing Institute ( "NOCTI "), as
President /CEO, before his former governmental body within one year of leaving
state service.
4. No violation of Section 1104(a) of the Ethics Act occurred regarding Foster's failure
to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the 2005 calendar year in that Foster
was not required to file a 2005 Statement of Financial Interests.
In Re: John Foster,
Respondent
ORDER NO. 1458
File Docket: 06 -054
Date Decided: 1/28/08
Date Mailed: 2/15/08
1 John Foster ( "Foster "), a public employee in his capacity as the Director of the
Bureau of Career and Technical Education of the Pennsylvania Department of
Education ( "PDE ") from April 17, 2000, until July 30, 2004, committed an
unintentional violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in relation to his
attendance at meetings of advisory boards while on Commonwealth time and
submitting and being paid for personal expenses which were paid by the
Commonwealth.
2. A technical violation of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act occurred when Foster
represented the National Occupational Competency Testing Institute ( "NOCTI "), as
President /CEO, before his former governmental body within one year of leaving
state service.
3. No violation of Section 1104(a) of the Ethics Act occurred regarding Foster's failure
to file a Statement of Financial Interests for the 2005 calendar year in that Foster
was not required to file a 2005 Statement of Financial Interests.
4. Per the Consent Agreement of the parties, Foster is directed to make payment in
the amount of $512.40 in settlement of this matter payable to the Commonwealth gf
Pennsylvania and forwarded to this Commission by no later than the thirtieth (30
day after the mailing date of this Order.
a. Compliance with the foregoing will result in the closing of this case with no
further action by this Commission.
b. Non - compliance will result in the institution of an order enforcement action.
BY THE COMMISSION,
Louis W. Fryman, Chair