HomeMy WebLinkAbout07-604 CORCORANJohn P. Corcoran
Corcoran Funeral Home
20 South Main Street
Plains, PA 18705
Dear Mr. Corcoran:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 27, 2007
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
07 -604
This responds to your letter of November 9, 2007, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any prohibitions or restrictions upon a county
coroner with regard to simultaneously serving as a school director.
Facts: You are presently serving as an elected School Director for the Wilkes -
Barre Area School District. You state that on November 6, 2007, you were elected to
the office of Coroner for Luzerne County ( "County ").
You ask whether the Ethics Act would prohibit or restrict you from continuing to
serve as a School Director after you would assume office as County Coroner. You
express your understanding that the Public School Code would not prohibit
simultaneous service in the aforesaid positions.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In your capacity as a School Director for the Wilkes -Barre Area School District,
you are a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Upon taking office as
Coroner for Luzerne County, you would in that capacity also be a public official subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Corcoran, 07 -604
December 27, 2007
Page 2
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms that pertain to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, § 2.
Although the State Ethics Commission does not have the express statutory
jurisdiction to interpret such other laws, it may review the Ethics Act to determine that a
conflict exists based upon the statutory incompatibility. King, Opinion 85 -025.
A conflict of interest exists under the Ethics Act where a pecuniary benefit or
financial gain (such as salary, benefits, and the like) is derived as a result of holding
incompatible positions simultaneously. The Commission has determined that if a
particular statutory enactment prohibits an official from receiving a particular pecuniary
benefit or financial gain, then that official's receipt of same, through the authority of public
office, is unauthorized in law and hence, contrary to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act.
In this case, in order to determine whether a particular pecuniary benefit or
financial gain is prohibited by law, the following provisions of the County Code must be
reviewed:
§ 401. Enumeration of elected officers
(a) In each county, there shall be the following
officers elected by the qualified electors of the county:
Corcoran, 07 -604
December 27, 2007
Page 3
(4) One coroner.
16 P.S. § 401(a)(4).
§ 402. Incompatible offices
(a) No elected county officer or county solicitor
shall, at the same time, serve as a member of the legislative
body of any city, borough, town or township of any class, nor
as treasurer or tax collector of any city, borough,
incorporated town or township, nor as school director of any
school district, nor as a member of any board of health.
16 P.S. § 402(a) (Emphasis added).
The above appears to forbid simultaneous service in the positions in question.
Therefore, any financial gain or pecuniary benefit that you would receive while
simultaneously holding these positions would be a gain other than compensation
provided for by law. King, supra.
It is noted that because school directors are not compensated, you do not
receive compensation for holding that public office. Therefore, you are advised that you
may not, consistent with Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, simultaneously serve in the
positions of County Coroner and School Director to the extent you would receive
compensation for serving as County Coroner.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As a School Director for the Wilkes -Barre Area School District, you
are a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Upon taking office as Coroner for Luzerne
County ( "County "), you would in that capacity also be a public official subject to the
Ethics Act. You may not, consistent with Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act,
simultaneously serve in the positions of County Coroner and School Director to the
extent you would receive compensation for serving as County Coroner. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed course of conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Corcoran, 07 -604
December 27, 2007
Page 4
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel