HomeMy WebLinkAbout87-052-C ZontekIn re: Daniel Zontek
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG. PENNSYLVANIA 17120
File Docket: 87 -052 -C
Date Decided: June 28, 1993
Date Mailed: July 7, 1993
Before: James M. Howley, Chair
Daneen E. Reese, Vice Chair
Dennis C. Harrington
Austin M. Lee
Allan M. Kluger
Joseph W. Marshall, III
The State Ethics Commission received a complaint regarding a
possible violation of the State Ethics Act, No. 170 of 1978, P.L.
883. Written notice, of the specific allegation(s) was served at
the commencement of the investigation. A Findings Report was
issued and served, upon completion of the investigation, which
constituted the Complaint by the Investigation Division. An Answer
was filed and a hearing was waived. The record is complete. This
adjudication of the Commission is hereby issued which sets forth
the individual Allegations, Findings of Fact, Discussion,
Concldsions of Law and Order.
This adjudication is final and will be made available as a
public document fifteen days after issuance. However,
reconsideration may be requested which will defer public release of
this adjudication pending action on the request by the Commission.
A request for reconsideration, however, does not affect the
finality of this adjudication. A reconsideration request must be
received at this Commission within fifteen days of issuance and
must include a'detailed explanation of the reasons as to why
reconsideration should be granted in conformity with 51 Pa. Code
§2.38.
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance
with Section 8(a) of Act 170 of 1978 during the fifteen day period
and no one unless the right to challenge this Order is waived, may
violate confidentiality by releasing, discussing or circulating
this Order. However, confidentiality does not preclude discussing
this case with an attorney at law.
Any person who violates confidentiality of the Ethics Act is
guilty of a misdemeanor subject to a fine of not more than $1,000
or imprisonment for not more than one year, 55 P.S. 409(e).
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 3
3. The By -Laws of the North Huntingdon Township Municipal
Authority in effect during 1981 -1989 provided in part as
follows in relation to the voting procedures of the board, the
officer positions thereof and the duties and responsibilities
of such officers:
a. The members of the Authority shall constitute the Board
of Directors of the Authority. A majority of the members
shall constitute a quorum of the Board for the purpose of
conducting the business of the Authority, and for all
other purposes, and any and all action may be taken by
vote of the majority of the members present, provided
those present constitute a majority of the whole board.
b. The officers of the Board shall consist of a Chairman, a
Vice - Chairman Secretary, Treasurer and Assistant
Secretary and Treasurer, who shall perform the usual and
customary duties of such officers. In case of the
absence of any officer, the Board may appoint any other
member of the Board to.temporarily serve in his stead.
The term of office of said officers shall be for the
period of one (1) year or until their respective
successors are elected. The annual election of officers
shall be held on the first Thursday of February each
year.
c. The Chairman shall preside at all meetings of the Board
and shall have general control over the affairs of the
Authority, subject to the direction of the board from
time to time.
d. The Secretary shall keep a record of all votes and
minutes of the meetings of the Board. He shall have the
custody of all books, records and papers of the
Authority. In the absence of the Secretary, the
Assistant Secretary shall perform his duties.
e. The Treasurer shall keep accounts of all monies of the
Authority received or disbursed, and shall deposit all
monies and valuables in the name and to the credit of the
Authority in such banks, Trust Companies or Depositories,
and in such accounts, as are required by law, and as the
Board shall designate. The monies in such accounts shall
be paid out on the warrant or other order of the Chairman
of the Authority, and such other person or persons as the
Board may from time to time authorize to execute such
warrants or orders. In the absence of the Treasurer, the
Assistant Treasurer shall perform his duties.
4. The members of the North Huntingdon Township Municipal
Authority were appointed to the Authority Board by the North
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 5
such members.
Date
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
Amount
$ 2,828.00
3,550.00
3,600.00
3,600.00
3,600.00
3,600.00
3,600.00
3,600.00
11. Daniel Zontek was compensated by North Huntingdon Township
Municipal Authority as follows:
12. The North Huntingdon Township Board of Commissioners never
authorized the payment of any salary or compensation to the
members of the North Huntingdon Township Municipal Authority.
13. The Authority members were originally compensated in the form
of expense payments.
a. At first the payments were for a fixed rate with no
relationship to actual expenditures.
b. In 1980, the Authority decided to pay expenses only as
actually incurred.
c. Subsequently in 1982, the Authority members set a fixed
compensation for all officers and appointed each member
to an officer position.
d. Authority member Thomas Mance was removed from an officer
position in August 1988.
14. Daniel Zontek served as an appointed member of the Western
Westmoreland Municipal Authority.
a. Mr. Zontek has served in this position since 1988. He
was originally appointed to the Authority in 1980 but
subsequently resigned. He was reappointed in 1985 and
1988.
b. Mr. Zontek represented North Huntingdon Township on the
Authority.
15. The Western Westmoreland Municipal Authority was created
pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipality Authorities Act of
1945 by way of agreement of December 15, 1971 between various
municipalities.
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 7
authorized to be executed by the Authority.
SECTION 5. Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have the care and
custody of all funds of the Authority and shall deposit the
same in the name of the Authority in such bankxor banks as the
Board of the Authority may select. The Treasurer shall sign
all orders and checks for the payment of money, and shall pay_
out and disburse such moneys under the direction of the Board
of the Authority. Except as otherwise authorized by
resolution of the Board of the Authority, all such orders and
checks shall be countersigned by the Chairman. He shall keep
regular books of accounts showing receipts and expenditures,
and shall render to the Board of the Authority at each regular
meeting (or more often when requested) an account of his
transactions and also of the financial condition of the
Authority. He shall give such bond for the faithful
performance of his duties as the Board of the Authority may
determine and pay for.
SECTION 6. Assistant Secretary- Treasurer. The Assistant
Secretary- Treasurer shall perform all the duties of either the
Secretary or Treasurer, in the absence or incapacity of the
Secretary or Treasurer, and in the case of the death or
resignation of the Secretary or Treasurer, the Assistant shall
perform such duties as are imposed upon such deceased or
resigning Secretary or Treasurer until such time as the Board
of the Authority shall appoint a new Secretary or Treasurer.
The Assistant Secretary- Treasurer may be a person who is not
a member of the Board of the Authority. However, in any
event, the Assistant Secretary- Treasurer shall give such bond
for the faithful performance of his duties as the Board of the
Authority may determine and pay for.
SECTION 7. Additional Duties. The officers of the Authority
shall perform such other duties and functions as may from time
to time be required by the Board of the Authority or the By-
Laws or rules and regulations of the Authority.
SECTION 8. Election or Appointment. The Chairman, Vice
Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer and Assistant Secretary -
Treasurer shall be elected at the annual meeting of the Board
of the Authority and shall hold office for one (1) year or
until such successors are elected and qualified.
SECTION 9. Vacancies. Should the office of Chairman, Vice
Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer or Assistant Secretary -
Treasurer become vacant, the Board of the Authority shall
elect a successor at the next meeting, and such election shall
be for the unexpired term of said office.
SECTION 10. Additional Personnel. The Authority may from
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 9
current officers. Mr. Snyder stated that he is not
prepared to say unequivocally that compensation would
pass legal challenge. Mr. Painter said that the vehicle
for simplicity would be for documentation that all board
members would be officers. Mr. Painter asked the chair
to entertain the motion to authorize the solicitor for
the best recommendation for allowing officers and board
members to be compensated. Mr. Mulvihill seconded the
motion, and the motion carried unanimously. The second
part of Mr. Painter's suggestion is the amount to be
compensated. It was budgeted in 1984 for $100.00 a
month. A motion was not forthcoming at this particular
meeting. `
Members present were Robert F. Borgo, Roy E. Eisaman, Don
Ewing, Daniel Zontek, Terry L. Painter, Robert W.
Zentner, Bernard H. Mulvihill, Thomas Mance and Barbara
Johnson.
18. On August 20, 1986 a Motion was made by Terry Painter,
seconded by Daniel Zontek to amend the by -law of the Authority
in relation to the officer positions.
a. The amendment delineated the officers of the Authority as
the Chairman, Vice Chairman, Secretary, Treasurer and the
Chairmen of the following Committees: Personnel, Finance
& Budget, Sludge Disposal, Insurance, Grounds &
Maintenance, Legal & Engineering Service, all of which
with the exception of the Assistant Secretary- Treasurer
shall be a member of the Board. The amended by -laws
further provided that each member could only hold one
position.
The motion passed by a vote of 8 -1 (Zentner voting no).
19. As a result of the amendment six additional officer positions
were created bringing the total number of officers to ten, one
position for each board member.
20. The duties of the officers pursuant to the amended by -law were
as follows:
SECTION 1. Officers. The officers of the Authority shall be
a Chairman, a Vice Chairman, a Secretary, a Treasurer and an
Assistant Secretary- Treasurer, and the Chairmen of each of the
following Committees: Personnel, Finance and Budget, Sludge
Disposal, Insurance, Grounds and Maintenance, and Legal and
Engineering Services. All of which, with the exception of the
Assistant - Secretary- Treasurer, shall be members of the Board
of the Authority.
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 11
of the Authority shall appoint a new Secretary or Treasurer.
The Assistant Secretary- Treasurer may be a person who is not
a member of the Board of the Authority. However, in any
event, the Assistant Secretary- Treasurer shall give such bond
for-the faithful performance of his duties as the Board of the
Authority may determine and pay for.
SECTION 7. Chairman of Committees. The Chairmen of the
Personnel Committee, Finance and Budget Committee, Sludge
Disposal Committees, Insurance Committee, Grounds and
Maintenance Committee and the Legal and Engineering Services
Committee shall preside at all meetings of the respective
committees and shall be responsible for reporting the
recommendations of the Committee to the Board of the Authority
for action by the Board.
21. On August 20, 1986 a motion was made by Terry Painter,
seconded by Daniel Zontek for officers to be compensated at a
rate of $300 a month. The motion passed 6 -3 with Mulvihill,
Johnson, Mance, Painter, Ewing and Zontek voting yes and Bor --
, Zentner and Eisaman voting no.
22. On September 17, 1986 Mr. Mulvihill made a motion, seconded by
Bor - -, to rescind the compensation fixed at the August meeting
and to change the amount to $150 a month. The motion passed
6 -2 with Mulvihill and Borgo, Johnson, Eisaman, Ewing and
Zentner voting yes and Zontek and Mance voting no. Mr. Zontek
and Mance subsequently changed their vote to yes.
23. During his term of service on the Western Westmoreland
Municipal Authority Daniel Zontek voted in favor of his
appointment to the officer positions in which he served.
24. During his term of service on the Western Westmoreland
Municipal Authority Daniel Zontek either made, seconded or
voted in favor of motions establishing the amount of
compensation to be paid to Authority Members, serving in
officer positions and motions to pay said compensation.
25. Records of the Western Westmoreland Municipal Authority
indicate that Daniel Zontek received compensation from the
Authority as follows:
.Date Amount
1986
1987
1988
1989
$ 750.00
$ 1,800.00
$ 1,800.00
$ 1,800.00
26. Daniel Zontek resigned from the Western Westmoreland Municipal
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 13
of the violation occurred prior thereto.
Since the occurrences in this case transpired prior to the
effective date of Act 9 (June 26, 1929), we must apply the
provisions of Act 170 of 1978, P.L. 883, to determine whether the
Ethics Act was violated.
Under Section 3(a), quoted above, this Commission has
determined that use of office by a public official to obtain a
financial gain for himself or a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he is associated which is not provided for in
law transgresses the above provision of law. Thus, use of office
by a public official to obtain a financial gain which is not
authorized as part of his compensation is prohibited by Section
3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon v. State Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw.
529, 466 A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet v. State Ethics Commission, 109
Pa. Commw. 432, 531 A.2d 536 (1987). Similarly, Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Act would prohibit a public official /employee from using
public office to advance his own financial interests; Koslow v.
State Ethics Commission, 116 Pa. Commw. 19, 540 A.2d 1374 (1988),
allocatur denied, Pa. , 553 A.2d 971 (1988).
Preliminarily, we will address seriatim a number of arguments
that have been proffered for a finding of no violation of the
Ethics Law: authorization in the Municipality Authorities Act,
non - determinative voting, lack of power to order restitution, and
discharge in bankruptcy.
It is argued that the activity was not violative of the Ethics
Law because of specific authorization by the Municipality
Authorities Act. Although it would perhaps be more appropriate to
discuss the Municipal Authorities Act at the subsequent juncture of
analyzing the allegation in the context of Section 3(a) of Act 170
of 1978, we will now address the legal argument since it has been
proffered. The linchpin of the argument is that the Municipal
Authorities Act does allow the authority members to establish and
set this type of compensation and vote for their appointments and
the payment of the compensation to themselves.
The Municipality Authorities Act provides in part as follows
Every Authority is hereby granted, and
shall have and may exercise all powers
necessary or convenient for the carrying out
of the aforesaid purposes, including but
without limiting the generality of the
foregoing, the following rights and powers:
*
(f) To make by - laws for the management and
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 15
Subsection C provides that all actions of an authority may be taken
by a vote of the majority of the members present and further
empowers an authority to fix and determine the number of officers,
agents and employees of the authority and the respective, powers,
duties and compensation and appoint to such office or offices any
member of the board with such powers, duties and compensation as
the board may deem proper. However, the generalized language does
not form a basis for a' specific authorization to appoint oneself to
an authority office or position and then vote to set the salary for
such position. See, Swick /Aman, Opinion 91 -006.
As to the phraseology which authorizes all actions to be taken
by a vote of the majority of the members present, such language is
merely a statement that a majority vote is sufficient to take
official action•. That phraseology does not countenance or
authorize voting by authority members in cases where they have a
conflict. If it were the intent of the General Assembly to allow
municipal authority members to vote in matters wherein they had a
personal financial interest, the General Assembly would have done
so with very clear specific language. For example, the Second
Class Township Code as to three member boards makes it clear that
the members of those boards may specifically vote for themselves to
enumerated township compensated positions. See, 53 P.S. §65514.
Thus, if the General Assembly had the intent for municipal
authority members to vote in all instances through a majority vote
of the members present, specific language would have been utilized
for such purpose. The phraseology merely directs that official
action occur by a vote of the majority of the members present but
does not condone a blanket voting in cases where conflicts would
exist as to the individual member so voting.
Regarding the language concerning the fixing of officers,
agents and employees with compensation and appointments to those
positions by board members, we must once again note the express
absence of any language which would authorize an individual member
of a municipal board to vote for his own appointment or to vote for
the setting of the compensation for his own position. Absent such
an express authorization, we have concluded that it is contrary to
the Ethics Law for a municipal authority board member to vote for
his own appointment and compensation. See, Swick /Arran, supra. It
is important to note that the Municipality Authorities Act, 53 P.S.
§309B, does require that the compensation of an authority board
member must be deteLmined by the appointing authority. Such was
not done in this case.
As we noted in Swick /Arran, we are particularly concerned about
those instances where a municipal board attempts to create so
called officer positions and set the compensation for those
positions and appoint board members as a means of circumventing the
statutory limitations that the compensation for a municipal
authority board member be set by the governing body. We therefore
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 17
properly scheduled is non - dischargeable under 11 U.S.C.
§523(a)(3)); In Re Taite, 76 B.R. 764 (Bkrty. C.D. Cal. 1987)
(Civil penalties for violations of the California Business and
Profession Code are automatically non - dischargeable under
§523(a)(7)); In Re Daugherty, 25 B.R. 158 (E.D. Tenn. 1982) (Civil
penalty for violations of the Tennessee Mineral Surface Mining Law
was excepted by §523(a)(7) from discharge); and In Re Tauscher, 7
B.R. 918 (E.D. Wis. 1981) (Penalties for violations of the Fair
Labor Standards Act of 1938 were non - dischargeable pursuant to
§523(a)(7)). Thus, it does not matter whether the action occurred
pre - petition and the fine is imposed post - petition. Sections
523(a)(3) and (7) specifically override any such argument by
providing that the civil penalty herein is specifically excepted
from discharge. We therefore reject the foregoing argument as
totally spurious.
Having rejected the various arguments which have been
proffered, we must now review the allegation in this case in the
context of the facts of record to determine whether there has been
a violation of Section 3(a) of Act 170 of 1978.
The issue before us is whether Zontek as a member of the North
Huntingdon Township Municipal Authority (NHTMA) violated Section
3(a) of Act 170 of 1978 by using public office to obtain a
financial gain when he voted to appoint himself as an authority
officer and voted to set the salary for that position and second,
whether Zontek as a member of the Western Westmoreland Municipal
Authority (WWMA) violated Section 3(a) when he voted to set his
salary in 1986 and 1987.
A review of the record indicates that Zontek served as a
member of the NHTMA _from 1979 until the present. The NHTMA was
established to construct and operate a municipal water /sewer system
and steam production /electric generation facilities with North
Huntingdon Township being the governing authority. Although the
NHTMA originally had seven members, the complement was reduced to
five members with officer positions consisting of a chairman, vice -
chairman, secretary, treasurer, and assistant secretary /treasurer.
The minutes of NHTMA on December 4, 1979 reflect that Zontek
made an unsuccessful motion to increase board member expense
reimbursements. During his term of service on the North Huntingdon
Township Municipal Authority Daniel Zontek either made, seconded or
voted in favor of motions to establish the amount of compensation
or expenses to be paid to Authority members serving in officer
positions. The record does reflect that Zontek held officer
positions with NHTMA between 1982 and 1988. On August 18, 1988,
action was taken to remove Mance as secretary followed by a motion
by Mance to have the NHTMA members and officers forego their
current salary of $300 a month which motion was defeated with Mance
voting in favor of the motion and Zontek and the other three
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 19
Zontek also made, seconded or voted in favor of motions to set and
pay compensation for such officer positions. In addition, there
are several instances of action by the board members including
Zontek, although his vote was non - determinative, to vote to pay the
monthly bills including their compensation.
In applying the provisions of Section 3(a) of Act 170 of _1978
quoted above to the instant matter, we find that Zontek violated
the Ethics Law by voting in favor of motions to create so- called
officer positions and set the compensation for such positions.
See, Abraham, Order No. 827; Koelsch, Order No. 828; and Abbott,
Order No. 829. It is clear that there has been a use of office by
Zontek in voting in favor of these various motions. As a result of
such use of office, Zontek received a financial gain consisting of
the compensation which he received on a monthly basis as a result
of his voting in favor of successful motions to set such
compensation. Lastly, the financial gain received was other than
compensation provided for by law. On this issue, we need only
summarize our review of the Municipality Authorities Act as to
whether the compensation was other than provided for in law. As
noted above, although it is true that the Municipality Authorities
Act does allow a municipal authority board to fix and determine the
number of officers and appoint board members to those offices (53
P.S. §309C) and further provides that the authority may appoint
officers and fix their compensation (53 P.S. §305B(g)), a board
member may not vote for his own appointment as an officer nor set
the salary for his officer position, even assuming the officer
positions are bona fide positions. See, Swick /Aman, supra.
Finally, the setting of the compensation for the board members
themselves must be set by the governing authority as per 53 P.S.
§309B.
In the context of the NHTMA and WWMA, it is clear that the
board members were trying to fix their compensation as board
members. In this context we must look at the substance over form.
Baehr Brothers v. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 487 Pa. 233, 409
A.2d 326 (1977). It is clear from the record before us that the
substance of this transaction was for the NHTMA and WWMA authority
board members to receive compensation and in order to achieve that
result the NHTMA and WWMA board used officer positions. Thus,
although the form of the transaction was the utilization of the
officer positions, the substance was the NHTMA and WWMA board
compensating their board members in derogation of the Municipality
Authorities Act which requires that such action be done by the
appointing authority.
Having found that the substance of the NHTMA and WWMA board
action was to compensate authority members through officer
positions, it is clear that such is not compensation which is
provided for by law. In fact, such compensation is strictly
prohibited by the Municipality Authorities Act, 53 P.S. 5309B.
Zontek, 87 -052 -C
Page 21
3. Zontek violated Section 3(a) of Act 170 of 1978 when he used
public office to obtain a financial gain for himself which was
other than compensation provided for by law when he voted to
set his salary in 1986 and 1987 as a board member of the WWMA.
4. The financial gain received by Zontek as a WWMA board member
in violation of Section 3(a) of Act 170 of 1978 amounted to
$2550.00.