HomeMy WebLinkAbout07-582 KRIEGERWilliam G. Krieger, Ph.D.
One Meadowbrook Drive
Selinsgrove, PA 17870
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 11, 2007
07 -582
Dear Dr. Krieger:
This responds to your letter of August 7, 2007, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any restrictions upon employment of a Welfare
Program Executive 2 following termination of service with the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania Department of Public Welfare, Office of Medical Assistance Programs.
Facts: You request an advisory from the State Ethics Commission regarding the
post- employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts that may be
fairly summarized as follows.
On June 30, 2007, you retired from Commonwealth employment as a Welfare
Program Executive 2 with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Public
Welfare ( "DPW "), Office of Medical Assistance Programs ( "OMAP "). You have
submitted a copy of your official DPW position description, which is incorporated herein
by reference. A copy of the job classification specifications for your former position (job
code 49890) has been obtained and is also incorporated herein by reference.
You state that in your former position, you worked to enhance the overall quality
of the delivery of medical services to Medicaid program enrollees by helping providers
develop programs to make care provision more efficient and reduce long -term costs of
providing medical care. You assisted Medical Assistance providers with implementation
of Quality Improvement initiatives that involved the proactive prevention of serious and
chronic health problems by mounting campaigns against childhood obesity, tobacco
use, and domestic violence. You also monitored a contract between OMAP and
Comprehensive Neuroscience ( "CNS "). CNS was helping OMAP track certain
prescribing patterns and medication use patterns in order to ensure the appropriateness
and optimization of both such patterns.
Having retired from Commonwealth employment, you have been offered a part -
time position, working approximately one day per week, as a Facility Advocacy
Specialist with the Disability Rights Network of Pennsylvania ( "DRNPA "). You note that
until recently, DRNPA was known as Pennsylvania Protection and Advocacy, Inc.
Krieger, 07 -582
September 11, 2007
Page 2
You have submitted a copy of a Position Guide for the aforesaid Facility
Advocacy Specialist position, which document is incorporated herein by reference. Per
the Position Guide, a Facility Advocacy Specialist is responsible for delivery of
advocacy programs to persons with mental retardation who reside in mental retardation
centers. This position includes the following responsibilities, designated as "major
responsibilities ":
• Performing individual and systemic advocacy services for persons with mental
retardation who reside in mental retardation centers;
• Working with individuals and their families, the facility, the state, the county, and
providers to facilitate movement of individuals into the community;
• Providing continuity of services for residents moving to the community; and
• Ensuring that advocacy services meet the requirements of all state and federal
regulations.
As a Facility Advocacy Specialist with DRNPA, you would be performing duties
involving Selinsgrove Center. You note that Selinsgrove Center is part of the Office of
Developmental Programs ( "ODP ") within DPW. The DRNPA Facility Advocacy
Specialist reports to the DRNPA Facility Team Leader, who is headquartered at
Selinsgrove Center.
You state that in your prospective position with DRNPA, you would work to
assure that the service delivery system is functioning properly for all individuals at
Selinsgrove Center, rather than advocate for enhanced treatment for specific
individuals. Your primary duties would be to attend Selinsgrove Center's Human Rights
Committee meetings to review proposed treatment plans and ensure that the rights of
individuals who live at Selinsgrove Center are protected. You would also review abuse
investigations to ensure that such investigations are properly conducted and thoroughly
completed. Your duties would not include any managerial, administrative, or policy
development functions.
You state that in performing your duties as a Facility Advocacy Specialist, you
would report internally to your DRNPA supervisor, who, as noted above, is
headquartered at Selinsgrove Center. Your work would be reviewed by DRNPA
executives, and all official contact or discussion of issues with DPW officials would
occur through your DRNPA supervisor or DRNPA executives. You state that your
duties would not involve any direct lobbying of or advocacy with administrative or
executive staff of ODP.
You state that your former position with DPW was unrelated to the delivery of
services specifically designed for individuals with developmental disabilities. In your
former position with DPW, you did not have any contact with any Commonwealth staff in
ODP who specifically serve individuals with developmental disabilities.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether Section
1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from accepting the position of Facility
Advocacy Specialist with DRNPA during the first year following your retirement from
DPW.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
Krieger, 07 -582
September 11, 2007
Page 3
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as a Welfare Program Executive 2 for DPW, you would be
considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This
conclusion is based upon the position description and the job classification
specifications, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicate clearly that the
power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with
respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; planning; inspecting;
administering or monitoring grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other activities where
the economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of Commonwealth employment, you became a
"former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
Krieger, 07 -582
September 11, 2007
Page 4
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official /public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of service with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However,
if such a pre- existing contract does not involve the unit where the former public
employee worked, the name of the former public employee may appear on routine
invoices if required by the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being
submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public official/
public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities.
However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee is or has
been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or other
governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or control
but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No.
15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you are deemed to have been associated
upon termination of public service is DPW in its entirety, including but not limited to
OMAP. Therefore, for the first year following termination of service with DPW, Section
1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before
DPW.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, your specific
inquiry shall be addressed.
You are advised that Section 1103(.) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you
from accepting employment with DRNPA. However, during the first year following your
retirement from DPW, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from
Krieger, 07 -582
September 11, 2007
Page 5
performing any lob duties as a DRNPA employee that would involve prohibited
representation before DPW as set forth above.
Under the submitted facts, it would appear to be impossible for you to perform
the functions of a Facility Advocacy Specialist with DRNPA as to Selinsgrove Center, a
facility of your former governmental body, DPW, without running afoul of Section
1103(g) of the Ethics Act. Cf., Metzgar, Opinion 06 -002 (holding that where a former
Auditor 11 for DPW's Bureau of Long Term Care Programs, Division of Nursing Home
Rates, sought employment as a financial representative with a private company working
out of a DPW field office, it would be impossible for such individual to perform the
functions of the prospective employment position without engaging in prohibited
representation before DPW in contravention of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act).
The fact that Selinsgrove Center is not part of OMAP is irrelevant. During the
first year following your retirement from Commonwealth employment, Section 1103(g) of
the Ethics Act would apply to restrict you from engaging in prohibited representation
before DPW in its entirety. See, Metzgar, supra; cf., Ziegler, Opinion 98 -001.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as a Welfare Program Executive 2 with the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Public Welfare ( "DPW "), Office of
Medical Assistance Programs ( "OMAP "), you would be considered a "public employee"
subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101
et seq. Upon retiring from Commonwealth employment, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former governmental body
is DPW in its entirety, including but not limited to OMAP. For one year following your
retirement from Commonwealth employment, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
restrict you from engaging in activity that would constitute prohibited representation
before DPW. The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed.
Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from accepting employment
with the Disability Rights Network of Pennsylvania ( "DRNPA "). However, during the first
year following your retirement from DPW, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would
prohibit you from performing any job duties as a DRNPA employee that would involve
prohibited representation before DPW as set forth above. Under the submitted facts, it
would appear to be impossible for you to perform the functions of a Facility Advocacy
Specialist with DRNPA as to Selinsgrove Center, a facility of your former governmental
body, DPW, without running afoul of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, since service in your former Commonwealth position has been
terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would require that a Statement of
Krieger, 07 -582
September 11, 2007
Page 6
Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year after termination of
service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel