HomeMy WebLinkAbout07-581 DOVEMonroe Dove
483 East Patrick Road
Palmyra, PA 17078
Dear Mr. Dove:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 7, 2007
07 -581
This responds to your letter of August 3, 2007, and your faxed transmission of
August 7, 2007, by which you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., would present any restrictions upon employment of a "PUC
Compliance Specialist 1" following retirement from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
( "Commonwealth "), Public Utility Commission ( "PUC ").
Facts: On June 22, 2007, you retired from Commonwealth employment. At the
time of your retirement, you were working in the PUC's Bureau of Transportation and
Safety. For approximately the last four years prior to your retirement, you were
employed as a "PUC Compliance Specialist 1." You have submitted copies of the job
description /job classification specifications and a job posting for your former position,
both of which documents are incorporated herein by reference.
You state that during your employment with the PUC, you helped
people /businesses properly complete and submit tariffs and rate increase requests.
You further state that now that you are retired, you would like to help such filers with
their tariffs and rate increase requests so that the tariffs and rate increase requests are
properly formatted and accurate when submitted to the PUC.
You ask whether the Ethics Act would permit you to immediately engage in the
aforesaid activity or would prohibit you from doing so for one year following the date of
your retirement.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material
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September 7, 2007
Page 2
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as a PUC Compliance Specialist 1, you would be
considered a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This
conclusion is based upon the job description /job classification specifications, which
when reviewed on an objective basis, indicate clearly that the power exists to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the
following: contracting; procurement; planning; inspecting; administering or monitoring
grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other activities where the economic impact is
greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of Commonwealth employment, you became a
"former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
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September 7, 2007
Page 3
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official /public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even if the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of service with such governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However,
if such a pre- existing contract does not involve the unit where the former public
employee worked, the name of the former public employee may appear on routine
invoices if required by the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being
submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official /public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly
influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public official/
public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities.
However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee is or has
been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or other
governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or control
but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No.
15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you are deemed to have been associated
upon termination of Commonwealth employment is the PUC in its entirety, including but
not limited to the Bureau of Transportation and Safety. Therefore, for the first year
following termination of your employment with the Commonwealth, Section 1103(g) of
the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of "persons" before the PUC.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act, you are
advised as follows. Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from
assisting people /businesses in filing their tariffs and rate increase requests with the
PUC as long as in so doing, you would not engage in any conduct that would constitute
prohibited representation before the PUC during the first year following termination of
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September 7, 2007
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Commonwealth employment. Examples of prohibited representation would include, but
would not be limited to, having your name appear on documents filed with the PUC by
or on behalf of a filer, contacting the PUC on behalf of a filer, or appearing before the
PUC on behalf of a filer.
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as a "PUC Compliance Specialist 1" with the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania ( "Commonwealth "), Public Utility Commission ( "PUC'),
you would be considered a "public employee" as that term is defined in the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Upon
termination of Commonwealth employment, you became a "former public employee"
subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former governmental body is the PUC
in its entirety, including but not limited to the Bureau of Transportation and Safety. The
restrictions as to representation outlined above must be followed. Section 1103(g) of
the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from assisting people /businesses in filing tariffs
and rate increase requests with the PUC as long as in so doing, you would not engage
in any conduct that would constitute prohibited representation before the PUC during
the first year following termination of Commonwealth employment. The propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, since service has been terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act
would require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of
the year after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
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September 7, 2007
Page 5
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel